修复措施对中国退化草地土壤有机碳组分的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202511.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 补播、施肥和围封是常见的退化天然草地修复措施,土壤有机碳组分是衡量退化草地恢复过程中碳周转与固持的核心指标,明确不同修复措施对土壤有机碳组分的差异化影响,可为草地修复措施的选择提供科学依据。本研究整合73篇文献269对数据,分析了补播、施肥和围封3种修复措施对我国天然草地土壤有机碳组分的影响。结果表明: 补播显著增加草地土壤总有机碳18.7%、可溶性有机碳12.4%和易氧化有机碳17.7%;施肥显著增加土壤易氧化有机碳15.5%和轻组有机碳11.5%,但显著降低微生物生物量碳15.5%;围封显著增加土壤可溶性有机碳12.7%、微生物生物量碳17.8%和颗粒有机碳14.7%,但显著降低土壤轻组有机碳含量9.7%。不同环境条件下补播均显著提升土壤有机碳含量,围封显著提升土壤微生物生物量碳,施肥对土壤有机碳组分的影响则呈现出较强的不确定性。相关性分析表明,随土壤总有机碳含量增加,土壤可溶性有机碳、轻组有机碳、矿质结合有机碳显著增加,但微生物生物量碳、易氧化有机碳和颗粒有机碳无显著变化;土壤含水量与铵态氮含量是影响退化草地恢复过程中土壤有机碳变化的关键因素。

关键词: 退化草地, 补播, 施氮, 围栏封育, 土壤有机碳组分, meta分析

Abstract: Reseeding, fertilization, and fencing are widely used restoration measures for degraded natural grasslands. Soil organic carbon fractions serve as key indicators for evaluating carbon turnover and sequestration during the restoration of degraded grasslands. Clarifying the impacts of various restoration measures on soil organic carbon fractions can provide a scientific basis for selecting appropriate restoration strategies. Based on 269 data pairs from 73 papers, we evaluated the effects of three restoration measures-reseeding, fertilization, and fencing-on soil organic carbon fractions in degraded natural grasslands in China. The results showed that reseeding significantly increased soil total organic carbon by 18.7%, dissolved organic carbon by 12.4%, and easily oxidizable carbon by 17.7%. Fertilization significantly increased easily oxidizable carbon by 15.5% and light fraction organic carbon by 11.5%, but significantly reduced microbial biomass carbon by 15.5%. Fencing significantly increased dissolved organic carbon by 12.7%, microbial biomass carbon by 17.8%, and particulate organic carbon by 14.7%, while significantly reduced light fraction organic carbon by 9.7%. Under different environmental conditions, reseeding significantly enhanced soil organic carbon content, whereas fencing markedly enhanced soil microbial biomass carbon. In contrast, the effects of fertilization on soil organic carbon fractions exhibited considerable uncertainty. Correlation analysis indicated that soil dissolved organic carbon, light fraction organic carbon, and mineral associated organic carbon significantly increased with increasing total soil organic carbon content, whereas microbial biomass carbon, easily oxidizable carbon, and particulate organic carbon remained relatively stable. Soil moisture and ammonium content are key factors influencing changes in soil organic carbon during the restoration of degraded grasslands.

Key words: degraded grassland, reseeding, nitrogen fertilization, fencing, soil organic carbon fraction, meta-analysis

郭子华, 郝欢欢, 马洁, 周澳, 崔清亮, 陈晓鹏, 赵祥. 修复措施对中国退化草地土壤有机碳组分的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(11): 3327-3338.

GUO Zihua, HAO Huanhuan, MA Jie, ZHOU Ao, CUI Qingliang, CHEN Xiaopeng, ZHAO Xiang. Effects of restoration measures on soil organic carbon fractions in degraded grasslands in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(11): 3327-3338.

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