大豆连作障碍研究Ⅰ．大豆连作土壤紫青霉菌的毒素作用研究

应用生态学报 ›› 1996, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (4): 396-400.

大豆连作障碍研究Ⅰ．大豆连作土壤紫青霉菌的毒素作用研究

胡江春, 王书锦

中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳110015

收稿日期:1996-04-01 修回日期:1996-08-26 出版日期:1996-10-25 发布日期:1996-10-25
基金资助:
国家"八五"科技攻关项目

Study on soil sickness by soybean continuous cropping I. Effect of mycotoxin produced by Penicillium purpurogenum

Hu Jiangchun, Wang Shujin

Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinica, Shenyang 110015

Received:1996-04-01 Revised:1996-08-26 Online:1996-10-25 Published:1996-10-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究分析了大豆连作、轮作土壤微生物区系,发现连作大豆根际土壤真菌富集,以其优势真菌回接大豆.紫青霉菌(Penicillium purpurogenum)能强烈抑制大豆生长发育.在实验室条件下分离获得该菌产生的毒素粗结晶,5μg·ml^-1水培液中即可观察到大豆根系受害,根毛很少生长;30μg·ml^-1水培液中大豆主根褐变严重,侧根几乎不再生长;200μg·ml^-1导致一些大豆品种幼苗在2周内死亡这些结果表明,连作大豆土壤中该菌的大量存在及其产生的毒素是大豆连作障碍产生的主要因素.

关键词: 大豆, 连作障碍, 真菌毒素, 紫青霉菌, 冬季覆盖作物, 总有机碳, 土壤碳库管理指数, 有机碳储量, 活性有机碳

Abstract: Microbial comunlty in soil of soybean continuous cropping was analyzed, soil fungi were found to be abundant. soybean was inoculated with dominant fungi. The soybean growth is strongly inhibited by Penicillinm Purpuroggnum Stoll 891. Crude crystals of Rubratokins of P.purpurogenum Stoll 891 were extracted. The inoculation experiment with Rubratoxin Ashows that its concentration in water culture actives at 5μg·ml^-1, the soybean root system is injured. At 30μg·ml^-1, the primary roots are seriously necrosised and the secondary roots are almost stunted. At 200μg·ml^-1, some seedlings of soybean varieties are died within a couple of weeks. It is suggested that Pedologic mycotoxin generated by P.Purpurogenum Stoll which is abundant in soybean continuous cropping soil may be one of major factors leading to soil sickness.

Key words: Soybean, Soil sickness by continuous cropping, Mycotoxin, Penicillium purpurogenum, organic carbon storage, active organic carbon, total organic carbon, carbon pool management index, winter cover crop

胡江春, 王书锦. 大豆连作障碍研究Ⅰ．大豆连作土壤紫青霉菌的毒素作用研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 1996, 7(4): 396-400.

Hu Jiangchun, Wang Shujin. Study on soil sickness by soybean continuous cropping I. Effect of mycotoxin produced by Penicillium purpurogenum[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 1996, 7(4): 396-400.

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