日光温室渗灌效果研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对日光温室渗灌和沟灌的土壤环境、室内空气环境、作物生育及病害状况、水分利用效率等进行了研究.结果表明,与沟灌相比,渗灌可增加土壤水稳性团粒81.4%,降低土壤容重21.2%,增加土壤孔隙度29.0%,提高土壤温度1.1～1.7℃,降低空气湿度13.4%,节约灌溉用水36.7%,而且能促使作物早熟,提高作物产量,减少作物病害,降低生产成本,是目前日光温室理想的灌溉技术.

关键词: 日光温室, 渗灌, 沟灌, 节水, 放牧, 凋落物分解, 内蒙古典型草原, 土壤动物群落

Abstract: The differences of soil and air environments, crop growth, development and diseases, and water use efficiency of seeping irrigation from furrow irrigation were studied. Results indicated that compared with furrow irrigation, seeping irrigation could increase soil waterstable granular by 81.4%, soil porosity by 29.0% and soil temperature by 1.1～1.71℃ respectively, decrease bulk density by 21.2% and relative air humidity by 13.4% respectively, and save irrigation water by 36.7%. In addition, seeping irrigation could also accelerate crop maturity and increase yield, reduce crop diseases and production cost. Therefore, seeping irrigation was an ideal irrigation technique in sunlight greenhouse at present.

Key words: Sunlight greenhouse, Seeping irrigation, Furrow irrigation, Water-saving, grazing, Inner Mongolia typical steppe, litter decomposition, soil animal community

中图分类号:

S275.4

刘作新, 杜尧东, 蔡崇光, 王建. 日光温室渗灌效果研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (4): 409-412.

LIU Zuoxin, DU Yaodong, CAI Chongguang, WANG Jian. Seeping irrigation effect in sunlight greenhouse[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (4): 409-412.

参考文献

[1] Agricultural Chemistry Committee of Soil Science Society of China.1989.Routine A nalysis Method of Soil Agricultural Chemistry.Beijing:Science Press.(in Chinese)
[2] Cao S-W(曹守卫).1998.Application of pottery tube seeping irrigation technique in orchard in hilly areas.Sci Tech I nfor Soil and Water Conser(水土保持科技情报),(2):52～54(in Chinese)
[3] Du X-M(杜孝明).1997.Introducing a ne w water-saving irrigation way seeping irrigation.Rural Pract Eng Techn(农村实用工程技术),(10):28(in Chinese)
[4] Du Y-D(杜尧东),Liu Z-X(刘作新), Cai C-G(蔡崇光).1999.Seeping irrigation technique and its application in Liaon ing province.Soil Science Approaching the 21st Century.The 9th Congress of Soil Science Society of China(Liaoning volume).Shenyang:Liaoning Science and Technol ogy Press.(in Chinese)
[5] Du Y-D(杜尧东),Wang J(王建),Liu Z-X(刘作新),et al.2001.Water distribution and microclimatic effects of spri nkler irrigation on spring wheat field.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),12(3):398～400(in Chinese)
[6] Feng Y-P(冯永平), Dong Z-Y(董忠义), Dong M-X(董孟雄).1998.Technique of supplementing water with seeping irrigation and its economic benefit in upland wheat field.Agric Res Arid Areas(干旱地区农业研究),16(4):73～78(in Chinese)
[7] Li G-R(李广荣),Huang G-M(黄贵明),Cu i G-F(崔国芳), et al.1997.A study on the seeping irrigation in cotton fiel d. J Shanxi Agric Univ(山西农业大学学报),17(3): 263～265(in Chinese)
[8] Li K-R(荔克让), Liu X-M(刘新民), Zh ao A-G(赵爱国), et al.1997.Experimental study on water-saving seeping irr ig ation technique of fruit tree in sandy land.J Desert Res(中国沙漠), 17(4):447～452(in Chinese)
[9] Li T-C(李太昌) and Zhang W-K(张万凯).1998.Application of seeping irrigation technique in sunlight greenhouse.Gans u J Agric Sci Tech(甘肃农业科技),(5):27～28(in Chinese)
[10] Pan J-J(潘进军),Zhang X-Y(张小玉),Yin G-H (尹国红), et al.1997.Modern seeping irrigation technique and its applicatio n in greenhouse.Rural Pract Eng Techn(农村实用工程技术),(10):8(in Chinese)
[11] Qu T-Y(曲天佑) and Sheng Z-R(盛子荣).199 8.Discussion on solving way to seeping irrigation jam and other problems.Inner Mongolia Water Conser(内蒙古水利),(2):38～39(in Chinese)
[12] Wang Y-J(王彦军),Shen X-Y(沈秀英),Wang L- Y(王留运).1997.A new water-saving irrigation technique-Seeping irrigation.Wa ter-Saving Irriga(节水灌溉),(2):3～7(in Chinese)
[13] Xue J-H(薛军红),Wu X-M(巫新民),LI Y-E(李玉娥).1994.Preliminary study on water-saving mechanism and control of subsurfac e seeping irrigation.Chin J Agric Meteorol(中国农业气象),15 (5):34～38(in Chinese)
[14] Yang S-J(杨少俊).1998.Stereoscopic planting model of seeping irrigation in farm field and its benefit.Peoples and Yellow River(人民黄河),29(3):25～27(in Chinese)
[15] Yue B(岳兵).1997.Existing problems and adv ice of seeping irrigation technique.Irrigation and Drainage(灌溉排水),16(2):40～44(in Chinese)
[16] Zhang J-H(张江辉).1998.Inspection of seepin g irrigation technique about United States.Xinjiang Water Conser(新疆水利),(3):19～23(in Chinese)
[17] Zhang S-S(张树森) and Lei Q-M(雷勤明).1994.Study on seeping irrigation of vegetable in sunlight greenhouse.Irrigation an d Drainage(灌溉排水),13(2):30～32(in Chinese)
[18] Zhang Z-Q(张治清),Li G-Y(李桂永),Dong M- L(董明亮).1995.Study on seeping irrigation engineering of orange garden in mount ainous areas.Hunan J Agric Sci(湖南农业科学),(5):28～30(in Chinese)