毛乌素沙地生物结皮覆盖区土壤水分收支变化特征

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202207.014

应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 1861-1870.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202207.014

毛乌素沙地生物结皮覆盖区土壤水分收支变化特征

岳艳鹏^1,2, 成龙^1,2, 孙迎涛^1,2, 庞营军^1,2, 吴波^1,2, 石麟³, 何金军³, 贾晓红^1,2*

¹中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所, 北京 100091;
²荒漠生态系统与全球变化国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 北京 100091;
³鄂尔多斯市林业和草原研究所, 内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000

收稿日期:2022-03-14 接受日期:2022-05-10 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2023-01-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: jiaxiaohong@caf.ac.cn
作者简介:岳艳鹏, 男, 1996年生, 博士研究生。主要从事恢复生态学研究。E-mail: 18235702995@163.com
基金资助:
科技兴蒙行动重点专项(KJXM-EEDS-2020006)、国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500801,2016YFC0500806)、科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY100206)、中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2016ZD010)和国家自然科学基金项目(41701010)资助。

Changes of soil water budget in the area covered by biological soil crusts in Mu Us sandy land, China

YUE Yan-peng^1,2, CHENG Long^1,2, SUN Ying-tao^1,2, PANG Ying-jun^1,2, WU Bo^1,2, SHI Lin³, HE Jin-jun³, JIA Xiao-hong^1,2*

¹Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
²Key Laboratory of Desert Ecosystem and Global Change, State Administration of Forestry and Grassland, Beijing 100091, China;
³Ordos Forestry and Grassland Research Institute, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2022-03-14 Accepted:2022-05-10 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2023-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究半干旱生态系统生物土壤结皮对土壤水文过程的影响,并量化生物结皮覆盖下土壤水分收支状况,可为荒漠地区植被恢复与重建提供理论依据。本研究基于2018—2020年生长季(5—10月)对毛乌素沙地不同类型生物结皮(如藻类和苔藓)覆盖区土壤水分的连续观测,以裸沙为对照,分析了生物结皮对0～40 cm土壤水分收支的影响。结果表明: 与裸沙相比,藻类结皮和苔藓结皮显著降低了降雨对40 cm以下土壤水分的补充,增加了土壤水分的蒸发损失。在相对湿润年份(2018年),裸沙和不同类型生物结皮覆盖土壤的水分支出量(渗漏量+蒸发量)均低于降雨量,土壤水分状况为收入;在相对干旱年份(2019和2020年),藻类结皮和苔藓结皮覆盖土壤的水分支出量高于降雨量,土壤水分产生亏缺,但是裸沙相反。可见,生物结皮导致其下覆0～40 cm土壤水分收支不平衡,在相对干旱年份出现了水分亏缺,这可能驱动该区域植被群落向浅根系植物演替。

关键词: 毛乌素沙地, 生物土壤结皮, 入渗, 蒸发, 土壤水分收支

Abstract: Exploring and quantifying the impacts of biological soil crusts on soil hydrological processes and soil water budget in semi-arid ecosystems can provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in deserts. Based on continuous observation of soil water content in different types of areas covered by biological soil crusts (e.g., algae, moss) and bare sand in the Mu Us sandy land during the growing season (May to October) from 2018 to 2020, we examined the effects of biological soil crusts on soil water budget at a depth of 0-40 cm. Results showed that algae and moss crusts significantly reduced soil water supplement below 40 cm by rainfall and increased soil water evaporation loss, compared with that under bare sand. In the relatively wet year (2018), the amount of soil water expenditure (seepage+evaporation) covered by bare sand and the various types of biological soil crusts was less than that of rainfall, resulting in net soil water income. In the relative dry years (2019 and 2020), the amount of soil water expenditure covered by dominant algae and moss crusts was higher than that of rainfall, causing net soil water deficit, but opposite for bare sand. Biological soil crusts led to the imbalance of soil water budget of 0-40 cm depth and even soil water deficit in relatively dry years, which may lead to the succession of plant communities to be dominated by shallow-rooted plants in this area.

Key words: Mu Us sandy land, biological soil crusts, infiltration, evaporation, soil water budget

岳艳鹏, 成龙, 孙迎涛, 庞营军, 吴波, 石麟, 何金军, 贾晓红. 毛乌素沙地生物结皮覆盖区土壤水分收支变化特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(7): 1861-1870.

YUE Yan-peng, CHENG Long, SUN Ying-tao, PANG Ying-jun, WU Bo, SHI Lin, HE Jin-jun, JIA Xiao-hong. Changes of soil water budget in the area covered by biological soil crusts in Mu Us sandy land, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(7): 1861-1870.

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毛乌素沙地生物结皮覆盖区土壤水分收支变化特征

Changes of soil water budget in the area covered by biological soil crusts in Mu Us sandy land, China

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