测墒补灌条件下施氮量对小麦开花后13C同化物积累量和水氮利用效率的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202301.014

应用生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 92-98.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202301.014

测墒补灌条件下施氮量对小麦开花后¹³C同化物积累量和水氮利用效率的影响

李传梁¹, 于振文¹, 张娟², 张永丽¹, 石玉^1*

¹山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室/农业农村部作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 山东泰安 271018;
²济宁市兖州区农业技术推广中心, 山东济宁 272106

收稿日期:2022-03-17 修回日期:2022-10-27 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2023-06-15
通讯作者: ^*E-mail: shiyu@sdau.edu.cn
作者简介:李传梁, 男, 1997年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事小麦高产高效生理生态研究。E-mail: lclxiaomai@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32172114,31771715)和财政部和农业农村部“国家现代农业产业技术体系”项目(CARS-03-18)资助。

Effects of nitrogen application rate on the accumulation of ¹³C assimilates after flowering and water-nitrogen use efficiency of wheat under supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture

LI Chuan-liang¹, YU Zhen-wen¹, ZHANG Juan², ZHANG Yong-li¹, SHI Yu^1*

¹College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China;
²Jining Yanzhou District Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Ji'ning 272106, Shandong, China

Received:2022-03-17 Revised:2022-10-27 Online:2023-01-15 Published:2023-06-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究黄淮冬麦区测墒补灌节水条件下协同提高小麦产量和水氮利用效率的氮肥管理措施,以小麦品种‘烟农1212'为材料,在拔节期和开花期将各处理0～40 cm土层土壤相对含水量均补灌至70%条件下,设置3个施氮水平,即150(N₁)、210(N₂)和270 kg·hm^-2(黄淮冬麦区常规施氮量,N₃),研究施氮量对小麦开花后旗叶光合特性、¹³C同化物积累与转运及水氮利用效率的影响。结果表明: N₂和N₃处理开花后14～35 d旗叶光合能力显著高于N₁处理,N₂与N₃处理间差异不显著。¹³C同位素示踪结果显示,N₂处理开花后营养器官¹³C同化物转运量比N₁和N₃处理分别高12.1%和7.1%,成熟期¹³C同化物在籽粒中的分配量比N₁和N₃处理分别高10.1%和5.3%。施氮量亦调节了小麦不同生育阶段的耗水量、耗水模系数和总耗水量,小麦全生育期耗水量表现为N₂与N₃处理无显著差异,但均显著高于N₁处理,N₂处理拔节至成熟期阶段耗水量和耗水模系数均较高。N₂处理水分利用效率比N₃和N₁处理分别高7.5%和4.8%,籽粒产量比N₃和N₁处理分别高4.7%和10.9%,氮肥偏生产力比N₃处理高34.6%。综合考虑小麦籽粒产量和水氮利用效率,施氮量为210 kg·hm^-2处理为研究区测墒补灌节水条件下的最佳施氮量。

关键词: 施氮量, 小麦, ¹³C同化物积累量, 水氮利用效率

Abstract: This study aimed to explore nitrogen fertilizer management measures to synergistically improve wheat yields and water and nitrogen use efficiency under supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture in the Huang Huai winter wheat area. Wheat variety “Yannong 1212” was used as the test material. There were three nitrogen application levels, 150 kg·hm^-2 (N₁), 210 kg·hm^-2 (N₂), and 270 kg·hm^-2 (the conventional nitrogen application rate in the Huang Huai winter wheat area, N₃), with the relative soil water content of 0-40 cm of each treatment was supplemented to 70% at the jointing and flowering stages. We investigated the effects of nitrogen rates on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaves after flowering, ¹³C assimilate accumulation and transport, and water and nitrogen use efficiency after flowering of wheat. The results showed that photosynthetic capacity of flag leaves in the N₂ and N₃ was significantly higher than that in N₁ 14-35 days after flowering, and that there was no significant diffe-rence between N₂ and N₃ treatments. The ¹³C isotope tracing results showed that the translocation amount of ¹³C assimilates in vegetative organs in N₂ was 12.1% and 7.1% higher than that in N₁ and N₃, respectively. The distribution amount of ¹³C assimilates in grains at maturity was 10.1% and 5.3% higher than that of N₁ and N₃, respectively. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer affected water consumption, water consumption proportion, and total water consumption in different growth stages of wheat. Water consumption during the whole growth period showed no difference between N₂ and N₃ treatments, but both were significantly higher than that for N₁. Water consumption and water consumption proportion of N₂ were higher from the jointing to maturity stages, water use efficiency of N₂ was 7.5% and 4.8%, and grain yield was 4.7% and 10.9% higher than that of N₃ and N₁ treatments, respectively. The partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer was 34.6% higher in the N₂ than that of N₃. Considering wheat grain yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency, 210 kg·hm^-2 nitrogen application was the best rate under water-saving condition of supplementary irrigation after soil moisture measurement in the study area.

Key words: nitrogen application rate, wheat, ¹³C assimilate accumulation amount, water-nitrogen use efficiency.

李传梁, 于振文, 张娟, 张永丽, 石玉. 测墒补灌条件下施氮量对小麦开花后¹³C同化物积累量和水氮利用效率的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(1): 92-98.

LI Chuan-liang, YU Zhen-wen, ZHANG Juan, ZHANG Yong-li, SHI Yu. Effects of nitrogen application rate on the accumulation of ¹³C assimilates after flowering and water-nitrogen use efficiency of wheat under supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(1): 92-98.

参考文献

[1] Duan JZ, Shao YH, He L, et al. Optimizing nitrogen management to achieve high yield, high nitrogen efficiency and low nitrogen emission in winter wheat. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 697: 134088
[2] Li JP, Wang YQ, Zhang YH, et al. Optimized micro-sprinkling irrigation scheduling improves grain yield by increasing the uptake and utilization of water and nitrogen during grain filling in winter wheat. Agricultural Water Management, 2019, 221: 59-69
[3] Wang X, Shi Y, Guo ZJ, et al. Water use and soil nitrate nitrogen changes under supplemental irrigation with nitrogen application rate in wheat field. Field Crops Research, 2015, 183: 117-125
[4] 郑雪娇, 张永丽, 于振文, 等. 测墒补灌条件下施氮量对冬小麦耗水特性和水氮利用效率的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2017, 37(10): 1358-1363
[5] Guo ZJ, Shi Y, Yu ZW, et al. Supplemental irrigation affected flag leaves senescence post-anthesis and grain yield of winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. Field Crops Research, 2015, 180: 100-109
[6] 何建宁, 石玉, 于振文, 等. 测墒补灌对小麦旗叶光合特性及酶活性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(12): 3693-3699
[7] 张振, 于振文, 石玉, 等. 氮肥基追比例对测墒补灌小麦冠层不同层次光能利用及干物质转运的影响.植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(1): 97-105
[8] 金修宽, 马茂亭, 赵同科, 等. 测墒补灌和施氮对小麦产量及水分、氮素利用效率的影响. 中国农业科学, 2018, 51(7): 1334-1344
[9] 马冬云, 郭天财, 王晨阳, 等. 施氮量对小麦灌浆期光合产物积累、转运及分配的影响. 作物学报, 2008, 34(6): 1027-1033
[10] 丁锦峰, 黄正金, 郭文善, 等. 稻-麦轮作下9000 kg·hm^-2产量水平扬麦20的群体质量及花后光合特征. 作物学报, 2015, 41(7): 1086-1097
[11] 杨永辉, 吴普特, 武继承, 等. 小麦光合特征及叶绿素含量对保水剂和氮肥的响应. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(1): 79-85
[12] 刘卫星, 王家瑞, 王晨阳, 等. 施氮量对不同土壤肥力条件下小麦光合特性和产量的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2021, 41(5): 604-612
[13] Liu WX, Wang JR, Wang CY, et al. Root growth, water and nitrogen use efficiencies in winter wheat under different irrigation and nitrogen regimes in North China Plain. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2018, 9: 1798
[14] Si ZY, Wang GS, Gao Y, et al. Effects of nitrogen application rate and irrigation regime on growth, yield, and water-nitrogen use efficiency of drip-irrigated winter wheat in the North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 2021, 231: 106002
[15] 栗丽, 洪坚平, 王宏庭, 等. 水氮处理对小麦生长、产量和水氮利用效率的影响. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(5): 1367-1373
[16] 吕广德, 王超, 靳雪梅, 等. 水氮组合对小麦干物质及氮素积累和产量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(8): 2593-2603
[17] 黄玲, 杨文平, 胡喜巧, 等. 水氮互作对小麦耗水特性和氮素利用的影响. 水土保持学报, 2016, 30(2): 168-174
[18] Xu JT, Cai HJ, Wang XY, et al. Exploring optimal irrigation and nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat-summer maize rotation system for improving crop yield and reducing water and nitrogen leaching. Agricultural Water Management, 2020, 228: 105904
[19] 徐学欣, 王东. 微喷补灌对小麦旗叶衰老和光合特性及产量和水分利用效率的影响. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(14): 2675-2686
[20] 谷淑波, 代兴龙, 樊广华, 等. 稳定性同位素¹³C标记小麦植株δ¹³C值的检测方法研究. 核农学报, 2016, 30(4): 770-775
[21] 杨晨璐, 刘兰清, 王维钰, 等. 麦玉复种体系下秸秆还田与施氮对作物水氮利用及产量的效应研究. 中国农业科学, 2018, 51(9): 1664-1680
[22] Wang YQ, Xi WX, Wang ZM, et al. Contribution of ear photosynthesis to grain yield under rainfed and irrigation conditions for winter wheat cultivars released in the past 30 years in North China Plain. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2016, 15: 2247-2256
[23] Chen X, Hao MD. Low contribution of photosynthesis and water-use efficiency to improvement of grain yield in Chinese wheat. Photosynthetica, 2015, 53: 519-526
[24] 李廷亮, 谢英荷, 洪坚平, 等. 施氮量对晋南旱地小麦光合特性、产量及氮素利用的影响. 作物学报, 2013, 39(4): 704-711
[25] Noor N, Khan S, Sun M, et al. Effect of different sowing methods and nitrogen rates on yield and quality of winter wheat in Loess Plateau of China. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2020, 18: 5701-5726
[26] 王冰心, 赵俊晔, 石玉, 等. 不同带长微喷带灌溉对麦田土壤水分分布和干物质积累及籽粒产量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(11): 3625-3633
[27] 仝锦, 孙敏, 任爱霞, 等. 高产小麦品种植株干物质积累运转、土壤耗水与产量的关系. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(17): 3467-3478
[28] Fatemeh M, Ali RS, Seyed HA. Winter wheat root distribution with irrigation, planting methods, and nitrogen application. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2021, 119: 231-245
[29] 臧贺藏, 刘云鹏, 余鹏, 等. 水氮限量供给下两个高产小麦品种物质积累与水分利用特征. 麦类作物学报, 2012, 32(4): 689-695
[30] 苏玉环, 刘保华, 王雪香, 等. 拔节期和开花期测墒补灌对邯麦16号小麦产量及耗水特征的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2019, 39(5): 589-594
[31] 李法计, 徐学欣, 肖永贵, 等. 不同氮素处理对中麦175和京冬17产量相关性状和氮素利用效率的影响. 作物学报, 2016, 42(12): 1853-1863
[32] Liu WX, Ma G, Wang CY, et al. Irrigation and nitrogen regimes promote the use of soil water and nitrate nitrogen from deep soil layers by regulating root growth in wheat. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2018, 9: 32

测墒补灌条件下施氮量对小麦开花后¹³C同化物积累量和水氮利用效率的影响

Effects of nitrogen application rate on the accumulation of ¹³C assimilates after flowering and water-nitrogen use efficiency of wheat under supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	郭葳, 王楠, 张凯悦, 宋沛沛, 马占强. Cu₂O纳米颗粒对小麦幼苗快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学特征及相关基因的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(3): 721-730.
[2]	蔡洪梅, 王菲菲, 王捧娜, 唐志伟, 黄伟祥, 郑宝强, 李金才, 陈翔. 冬小麦越冬期壮苗评价方法与指标研究进展 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(2): 555-563.
[3]	李长青, 纪萌, 马萌萌, 王硕, 刘欢, 孙志梅. 天然增效剂与化学抑制剂复配对小麦/玉米轮作体系产量、氮素利用及氮平衡的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(9): 2391-2397.
[4]	杨毅轩, 陈应枝, 唐芃, 林文, 孙敏, 高志强. 播种方式对黄淮海麦区西部冬小麦氮素利用与产量形成的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(6): 1572-1582.
[5]	张鹏飞, 刘朋召, 王成龙, 邓明珠, 林延荣, 任小龙, 陈小莉. 大气NH₃浓度升高对不同施氮水平下小麦叶片光合特征和籽粒产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(4): 1009-1014.
[6]	刘阿康, 马瑞琦, 王德梅, 王艳杰, 杨玉双, 赵广才, 常旭虹. 冬前积温对北部冬麦区小麦苗期生长的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(3): 679-687.
[7]	惠凯善, 吴召汉, 张永丽. 节水补灌下施磷量对小麦不同茎蘖光合和衰老特性及产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(2): 451-462.
[8]	谢永凯, 宋晋瑶, 刘敏, 孟万忠, 冯美臣, 王超, 杨武德, 乔星星, 杨晨波. 水分胁迫下冬小麦脯氨酸含量高光谱监测 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(2): 463-470.
[9]	陈悦, 赵庚星, 常春艳, 王卓然, 李因帅, 赵环三, 张术伟, 潘敬瑞. 基于Sentinel-2多光谱影像的小麦-玉米轮作耕地粮食产量估测——以曹县为例 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(12): 3347-3356.
[10]	崔国际, 王传伟, 贺威, 李宇星, 黄正来, 张文静, 马尚宇, 樊永惠. 外源海藻糖对灌浆期高温胁迫下小麦灌浆特性和糖组分含量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(11): 3021-3029.
[11]	王洁, 华一帆, 秦际远, 贺明荣, 鞠正春, 吕鹏, 邓淑珍, 代兴龙. 表油菜素内酯喷施时期对宽幅播种小麦产量和氮素利用率的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(1): 99-106.
[12]	孔令英, 赵俊晔, 张振, 石玉, 于振文. 宽幅播种下基本苗密度对小麦旗叶光合特性及叶片和根系衰老的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(1): 107-113.
[13]	马玉诏, 党红凯, 李科江, 郑春莲, 曹彩云, 张俊鹏, 李全起. 咸水灌溉对冬小麦籽粒品质特性和产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(4): 1063-1068.
[14]	尹嘉德, 张俊英, 侯慧芝, 张绪成, 马明生, 郭宏娟, 方彦杰, 雷康宁. 基于APSIM模型的旱地春小麦产量对施氮量和施氮深度的响应模拟 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(3): 775-783.
[15]	王顶, 伊文博, 李欢, 陈林康, 赵平, 龙光强. 玉米间作和施氮对土壤微生物代谢功能多样性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(3): 793-800.