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应用生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 955-961.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202304.008

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

喀斯特常绿落叶阔叶林土壤有效中微量元素空间异质性

连子文1,2,3, 杜虎1,2,4*, 谷俊锟1,2,3, 曾馥平1,2,4, 彭晚霞1,2,4, 尹力初3, 隆庆之1,2, 刘坤平1,2,4, 孙瑞5, 谭卫宁5   

  1. 1中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所公共技术中心, 长沙 410125;
    2中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站/广西喀斯特生态过程与服务重点实验室, 广西环江 547100;
    3湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 长沙410125;
    4广西石漠化治理产业技术研究院, 广西南宁 530000;
    5广西木论国家自然保护区管理中心, 广西环江 547100
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-05 接受日期:2023-02-15 出版日期:2023-04-15 发布日期:2023-10-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: hudu@isa.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:连子文, 男, 1998年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事生态保护与环境修复研究。E-mail: 1549568383@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1300703)、国家自然科学基金项目(42071073,31971487)、中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2021366)和河池市特聘专家项目

Spatial heterogeneity of soil available medium- and micro-elements in evergreen-deciduous broadleaved forest in karst

LIAN Ziwen1,2,3, DU Hu1,2,4*, GU Junkun1,2,3, ZENG Fuping1,2,4, PENG Wanxia1,2,4, YIN Lichu3, LONG Qingzhi1,2, LIU Kunping1,2,4, SUN Rui5, TAN Weining5   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Public Technology Center, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
    2Huanjiang Observation and Research Station of Karst Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang 547100, Guang-xi, China;
    3College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China;
    4Guangxi Industrial Technology Research Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China;
    5Administrative Centre of Guangxi Mulun National Nature Reserve, Huanjiang 547100, Guangxi, China
  • Received:2022-09-05 Accepted:2023-02-15 Online:2023-04-15 Published:2023-10-15

摘要: 研究土壤有效中微量元素在喀斯特地区的空间变异性可为喀斯特生态系统土壤养分管理提供参考。基于网格(20 m×20 m)采样法采集表层0~10 cm土壤样品,运用经典统计学和地统计学方法分析了喀斯特常绿落叶阔叶林25 hm2(500 m×500 m)动态样地土壤中微量元素的空间异质性及其影响因素。结果表明: 土壤交换性Ca、Mg及有效Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B平均含量分别为7870、1490、30.24、149.12、1.77、13.54、0.65 mg·kg-1,变异系数范围为34.5%~68.8%,均属中等强度空间变异。半变异函数最佳拟合模型决定性系数除有效Zn为0.78外,其他均大于0.90,表明模型能够对各中微量元素进行很好的拟合;块金系数均小于50%,表现出中等及以上的空间自相关性,结构性因素作用更大;变程变化范围为60.3~485.1 m,其中有效Zn的变程最小,更趋向破碎化。土壤交换性Ca、Mg和有效B的空间分布格局相似,低值区在洼地,且其含量在洼地显著低于其他生境;有效Fe、Mn、Cu低值区则在高海拔区域,且山顶含量显著低于其他生境。喀斯特森林土壤中微量元素空间变化特征与地形因素密切相关,海拔、坡度、土壤厚度和岩石裸露率对其空间分布影响较大,在喀斯特林地土壤养分管理中应着重考虑。

关键词: 中微量元素, 空间分布, 地形因子, 森林, 喀斯特生态系统

Abstract: Understanding the spatial heterogeneity of soil available medium- and micro-elements in karst area can provide a valuable theoretical guideline for soil nutrient management of karst ecosystem. We collected soil samples at a soil depth of 0-10 cm using grid sampling (20 m×20 m) in a 25 hm2 (500 m×500 m) dynamic monitoring plot. We further analyzed the spatial variability of soil medium- and micro-elements and their drivers, with classic statistics analysis and geo-statistics analysis. The results showed that the average contents of exchangeable Ca and Mg and available Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B were 7870, 1490, 30.24, 149.12, 1.77, 13.54, and 0.65 mg·kg-1, respectively. The coefficient of variation of the nutrients ranged from 34.5% to 68.8%, showing a medium degree of their spatial variation. The coefficient of determination of the best-fit semi-variogram models of each nutrient was higher than 0.90, except for available Zn (0.78), indicating a strong predictive power for the spatial variation of the nutrients. The nugget coefficients for all the nutrients were less than 50%, showing a moderate spatial correlation, and the structural factors played a pivotal role. The spatially autocorrelated variation was within the range of 60.3-485.1 m, among which available Zn showed the lowest range and the deepest fragmentation degree. The spatial distribution of exchangeable Ca, Mg, and available B were consistent, with contents in the depression being significantly lower than that in other habitats. The contents of available Fe, Mn, and Cu declined with the increases of altitude and were significantly lower on the hilltop than in other habitats. The spatial variation of soil medium- and micro-elements was closely related to topographic factors in karst forest. Elevation, slope, soil thickness, and rock exposure rate were the primary drivers of spatial variation of soil elements and need to be considered in soil nutrient management of karst forestlands.

Key words: soil medium- and micro-elements, spatial heterogeneity, topographical factor, forest, karst ecosystem