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应用生态学报 ›› 1995, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (2): 212-219.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

陆地表层系统动力学机制研究Ⅰ.──陆地表层系统和动力学方程

仪垂祥   

  1. 北京师范大学国家教委环境演变与自然灾害开放研究实验室, 北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:1993-11-30 修回日期:1994-11-09 出版日期:1995-04-25 发布日期:1995-04-25
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金

Dynamics of land surface system Ⅰ laud surface system and dynamic equations

Yi Chuixiang   

  1. Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
  • Received:1993-11-30 Revised:1994-11-09 Online:1995-04-25 Published:1995-04-25

摘要: 对陆地表层动力学的研究对象、研究内容及其基本理论方法作了阐述,以多学科综合的观点定义了陆地表层系统,包括时空尺度范围的约定、状态变量的选择、物质循环以及外界因子等的讨论;依据物质和能量守恒原理建立了陆地表层系统的非线性控制方程组,表述了各圈层之间物质循环和能量循环过程、反馈关系及其动力学联系;讨论了控制方程组的整体运作功能以及人类活动对陆地表层系统的影响。

关键词: 气候, 植被, 土壤, 陆地表层系统, 非线性动力学, 反馈机制, 马尾松人工林, 微生物生物量, 林窗, 凋落物分解

Abstract: The research goal, objectives and basic methods of land surface system dynamics are elaborated.Land surface system is defined in view of integrated disciplines, including thespecification of temporal and spatial scales, the choice of state variables, and the discussion of matter cycles and related external factors.Based on the conservation laws of matter and energy, some nonlinear dynamic equations describing the processes of matter andenergy cycles in land surface system and the feedback relations between soil, vegetationand climate are developed.The operating function of governing equations and the effect ofhuman activities on land surface system are also discussed.

Key words: Climate, Vegetation, Soil, Land surface system, Nonlinear dynamics, Feedbackmechanism, litter decomposition, Pinusmassoniana plantation, forest gap, microbial biomass