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应用生态学报 ›› 1999, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (6): 717-720.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

“氯敌鼠”防治对农田小哺乳动物群落结构的影响及群落演替分析

宗浩1, 蒋光藻2   

  1. 1. 四川师范大学生命科学技术系, 成都610066;
    2. 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 成都610066
  • 收稿日期:1997-12-01 修回日期:1998-10-12 出版日期:1999-11-25 发布日期:1999-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 宗浩,男,42岁,硕士,教授,主要从事动物生态学研究,发表论文30多篇,出版专著3部.E-mail:Zhonghao99@yahoo.com E-mail:Zhonghao99@yahoo.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家九五科技攻关项目(96-005-01-06-03)和四川省教委重点赞助项目.

Effect of rodenticide (chlorophacinone) on structure and succession of small mammal community in agroecosystem

Zong Hao1, Jiang Guangzao2   

  1. 1. Department of Biology, Sichuan Normal University;
    2. Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
  • Received:1997-12-01 Revised:1998-10-12 Online:1999-11-25 Published:1999-11-25

摘要: 对不同防治对策下施用氯敌鼠作为杀鼠剂对农田小哺乳动物群落结构的影响进行了研究。结果表明,杀鼠剂对群落组成有很大影响,灭鼠时机、灭鼠次数不同,群落的反应也不同。秋季灭鼠,小哺乳动物数量逐年下降,3年后可达到较低密度。群落多样性也逐年下跌,且回升极弱。春季灭鼠,数量可持续在低水平,群落多样性较其它处理高,对化学灭鼠破坏的生物多样性有较强的恢复力。灭鼠频次的增加对小哺乳动物总体数量降低有强化作用。可以认为,化学灭鼠明显地降低了群落中小哺乳动物的密度,也降低了群落的多样性。促使小哺乳动物群落向着优势种突出、种类单调、群落稳定性差的方向演替。

关键词: 杀鼠剂, 氯敌鼠, 农田小哺乳动物, 群落, 多样性, 演替

Abstract: The result shows that rodenticide significantly affected the structure of the mammal community, and the effect differed with rat killing time and frequency.When rat killing in autumn,the small mammal density declined year by year,and reached a low level after three years, with a decrease of community diversity and a weak recovery. When rat killing in spring,the density could be kept at a low level,however,the diversity was higher than other treatments,with a strongcapacity of restoring the biodiversity. Increasing the frequency of rodenticide application intensified the effect on decreasing the density of small mammals. Therefore, chemical rat controlling obviously decreased the density of small mammals and the diversity of the community, and promoted the community succession with more prominent dominant species, monotonous community composition and unstable structure direction.

Key words: Rodenticide, Chlorophacinone, Small mammal in farmland, Community, Diversity, Succession