关键词: 大型底栖动物, 物种多样性, 群落, 环境因子, 典范对应分析, 三门湾

Abstract: In November 2006 and in January, April, and August 2007, an investigation on the macrobenthic communities was conducted at 18 stations in Sanmen Bay to study the relationships between the macrobenthic communities and environmental factors. A total of 124 taxa were collected, including 44 species of Polychaeta, 34 species of Crustacea, 22 species of Mollusca, 11 species of Echinodermata, and 13 species of others. The species of Polychaeta and Mollusca accounted for 62.9% of the total, which constituted the main population of the communities. Aglaophamus dibranchis,Capitella capitata,and Sternaspis scutata were the dominant species in spring, Sternaspis scutata, Aglaophamus dibranchis, and Spionidae spp. were the dominant species in summer, S. scutata, C. capitata, A. dibranchis and Virgularia gustaviana were the dominant species in autumn, and A. dibranchis, S. scutata, C. capitata, and Spionidae spp. were the dominant species in winter. There was a significant difference in the average biomass and average density of the macrobenthic communities between different seasons. The annual average biomass was 17.36 g·m^-2, and the annual average density was 72 ind·m^-2. The diversity indices of the macrobenthic communities also differed significantly between different seasons. The seasonal average Shannon diversity index was from 1.53 to 1.89, seasonal average Margalef species richness index was from 2.25 to 2.96, and seasonal average Pielou evenness index was from 0.83 to 0.94. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the sea water temperature, salinity, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and the organic matter, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in surface sediment were the main environmental factors affecting the macrobenthic communities. Environmental variables could better explain the changes of main macrobenthic species.

Key words: macrobenthos, species diversity, community, environmental factor, canonical correspondence analysis, Sanmen Bay