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应用生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (05): 1400-1406.

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

间套作提高农田水分利用效率的节水机理

张凤云1,2,3,吴普特1,2**,赵西宁1,2,成雪峰3   

  1. (1中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100; 2国家节水灌溉杨凌工程技术研究中心, 陕西杨凌 712100; 3菏泽学院资源与环境系, 山东菏泽 274000)
  • 出版日期:2012-05-18 发布日期:2012-05-18

Water-saving mechanisms of intercropping system in improving cropland water use efficiency.

ZHANG Feng-yun1,2,3, WU Pu-te1,2, ZHAO Xi-ning1,2, CHENG Xue-feng3   

  1. (1Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China; 2National Engineering Research Center for Water Saving Irrigation at Yangling, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China; 3Department of Resources and Environment Science, Heze University, Heze 274000, Shandong, China)
  • Online:2012-05-18 Published:2012-05-18

摘要: 综合国内外多学科的研究成果,从地表水向土壤水的转化效率、农田水分的有效性、植物冠层结构、灌溉用水量和作物产量等方面,论述了间套作提高农田水分利用效率的节水机理.结果表明: 间套作能够促进植物根系对农田水分的充分利用,有利于增加根层土壤的贮水量;间套作一方面减小棵间蒸发、抑制无效蒸腾,另一方面优化作物系统的源库关系,创造出有利于植物生长发育的小气候,为资源在时间和空间上的集约利用和高产打好基础,在不增加农田灌溉水的同时大幅度提高单位面积产量,促进作物水分利用效率明显提高.

关键词: 间套作, 农田, 水分利用效率, 节水机理, 资源利用

Abstract: Based on the multi-disciplinary researches, and in terms of the transformation efficiency of surface water to soil water, availability of cropland soil water, crop canopy structure, total irrigation volume needed on a given area, and crop yield, this paper discussed the water-saving mechanisms of intercropping system in improving cropland water use efficiency. Intercropping system could promote the full use of cropland water by plant roots, increase the water storage in root zone, reduce the inter-row evaporation and control excessive transpiration, and create a special microclimate advantageous to the plant growth and development. In addition, intercropping system could optimize source-sink relationship, provide a sound foundation for intensively utilizing resources temporally and spatially, and increase the crop yield per unit area greatly without  increase of water consumption, so as to promote the crop water use efficiency effectively.  

Key words: intercropping system, cropland, water use efficiency, water-saving mechanism, resources utilization.