关键词: 北重楼, 气候变化, MaxEnt模型, 主导气候因子, 潜在适生区

Abstract: Suspension aquaculture of filter-feeding bivalves can produce large amount of faeces and pseudofaeces (biodeposits) that may impact aquaculture environment, while deposit-feeding sea cucumbers may effectively utilize such particulate wastes and act as a scavenger in mariculture system. In this paper, the ingestion, growth, and excretion of deposit-feeder Apostichopus japonicus were investigated in situ seasonally to evaluate its bioremediation potential of a suspension aquaculture system of filter-feeding bivalves. The results showed that A. japonicus could grow well in newly designed culture nets, with its maximum specific growth rate being 0.34%·d^-1. The A. japonicus could effectively use the biodeposits generated by co-cultured bivalves, and the ingestion rate at 21.2 ℃ in summer, 19.2 ℃ in autumn, and 7.7 ℃ in winter was 0.1746, 0.0989, and 0.0050 g·g^-1·d^-1, respectively. A. japonicus could promote the regeneration of nutrients in biodeposits via the excretion of considerable amount of dissolved N and P, and the excretion also showed obvious seasonal fluctuation. The extrapolation based on the in situ investigation results showed that when co-cultivated with bivalves in lantern nets, A. japonicus would ingest 4.5-159.6 kg·hm^-2·d^-1 of dry biodeposits and excrete 1 382.5-3 6781 mmol·hm^-2·d^-1 of NH₄⁺-N and 74.6-335.7 mmol·hm^-2·d^-1 of PO₄^3--P, indicating that the deposit-feeding A. japonicus had a great bioremediation capability in suspension aquaculture systems. The integrated model of deposit-feeding A. japonicus and filter-feeding bivalve could not only benefit the economy, but also sustain the environment.

Key words: MaxEnt model, dominant climate factor, Paris verticillata, climate change, potential suitable area