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应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 4042-4050.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202012.005

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南洞庭湖杨树清理迹地恢复初期土壤种子库特征及其与土壤因子的关系

刘静逸1,2,3, 牛艳东2,3, 郭克疾4, 罗学卫5, 杨蕊2, 蒋丽娟1*   

  1. 1中南林业科技大学, 长沙 410004;
    2湖南省林业科学院, 长沙 410004;
    3湖南洞庭湖湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 湖南岳阳 414000;
    4国家林业和草原局中南调查规划设计院, 长沙 410014;
    5益阳南洞庭湖自然保护区沅江市管理局, 湖南益阳 413100
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-16 接受日期:2020-09-22 发布日期:2021-06-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: znljiang2542@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘静逸,男,1995年生,硕士研究生。主要从事湿地生态学研究。E-mail:1137379671@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省重点研发项目(2019NK2011,2019SK2191)和全球环境基金项目(GCP/CPR/043/GEF)资助

Characteristics of soil seed bank and their correlations with soil factors in the early restoration period of Populus deltoides cutting slash in Lake South Dongting, China.

LIU Jing-yi1,2,3, NIU Yan-dong2,3, GUO Ke-ji4, LUO Xue-wei5, YANG Rui2, JIANG Li-juan1*   

  1. 1Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
    2Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China;
    3Dongting Lake National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem of Hunan Province, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, China;
    4Central South Inventory and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Changsha 410014, China;
    5Yiyang South Dongting Lake Yuanjiang Protection Bureau, Yiyang 413100, Hunan, China
  • Received:2020-06-16 Accepted:2020-09-22 Published:2021-06-15
  • Contact: *E-mail: znljiang2542@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Key R&D Program of Hunan Province (2019NK2011, 2019SK2191) and the Global Environment Fund (GCP/CPR/043/GEF).

摘要: 本文研究了杨树清理1、2年后迹地的土壤种子库结构、多样性及其与地上植被和土壤因子的关系,并以未清理杨树洲滩为对照,探讨洞庭湖杨树清理迹地土壤种子库在植被自然恢复中的潜力。结果表明: 研究样地土壤种子库萌发出的植物种子分属23科59属65种,各样地土壤种子库密度和物种数大小为:1年迹地(11810粒·m-2,49种)>2年迹地(9686粒·m-2,44种)>对照(6735粒·m-2,29种)。与未清理洲滩相比,清理迹地土壤种子库与地上植被多年生中生和湿生植物物种多样性和相似性系数增加,土壤含水率和养分含量升高,pH值降低。土壤含水率和有机质与水蓼等湿生植物分布的关系密切,全钾和全磷对虉草等多年生植物分布的影响较大。在杨树清理迹地自然恢复过程中,随着土壤理化性质的变化,土壤种子库的物种数目和密度显著增加,以致地上植被物种多样性升高,因此,土壤种子库成为迹地湿地植被恢复的重要繁殖体来源。

关键词: 清理迹地, 湿地植被自然恢复, 土壤种子库, 地上植被, 土壤因子

Abstract: To understand the potential role of soil seed bank in natural vegetation restoration of Populus deltoides cutting slash in Lake Dongting, the structure and diversity of soil seed bank and its relationship with vegetation and soil parameters were observed and analyzed on the lake beach in the first two years after P. deltoides cutting, with P. deltoides lake beach as control (CK). A total of 65 plant species germinated in soil seed bank, belonging to 59 genera and 23 families. The density of soil seed bank and number of species ranked as 1-year cutting slash (11810 seeds·m-2, 49 species)> 2-year cutting slash (9686 seeds·m-2, 44 species)> CK (6735 seeds·m-2, 29 species). Compared with CK, species diversity of the perennial mesophytes and hygrophytes in the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation of cutting slash, as well as the similarity coefficient between soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation, increased. Soil water content and nutrient content increased, while the pH decreased. Soil water content and organic matter were closely related to the distribution of hydrophytes such as Polygonum hydropiper, while total potassium and phosphorus contents had a greater influence on the distribution of perennial species such as Phalaris arundinacea. In summary, during the natural restoration of P. deltoides cutting slash in Lake Dongting, with the changes of soil physicochemical properties, species richness and density of soil seed bank increased significantly, and the diversity of aboveground vegetation species therefore increased. Soil seed bank is an important propagule source for the restoration of wetland vegetation in cutting slash.

Key words: cutting slash, natural wetland vegetation restoration, soil seed bank, aboveground vegetation, soil factor.