关键词: 旱地, 冬小麦, 追氮, 垄膜沟播种植, 水分利用效率

Abstract: A 2-year (2008-2010) field experiment was conducted to study the effects of basal dressing nitrogen, topdressing nitrogen, and ridge film furrow planting on the 0-2 m soil moisture status and the grain yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat in rain-fed area of South Shanxi Province. In all treatments, the soil moisture status during winter wheat growth period had the same change trend, being increased steadily from pre-sowing to revival stage and decreased sharply from revival stage to heading stage, and then increased gradually till maturity stage. From revival stage to heading stage, the soil water consumption was the most. Increasing nitrogen basal application rate or topdressing nitrogen increased the soil water consumption, widened the soil moisture active layer, and deepened the relatively stable layer. Topdressing nitrogen increased grain yield significantly; ridge film furrow planting decreased soil water consumption obviously. The water use efficiency under ridge film furrow planting was 23.4% and 39.1% higher than that under conventional planting system in 2009 and 2010 (P<0.01). The grain yield under ridge film furrow planting plus topdressing nitrogen was 3643 kg·hm^-2, which was significantly higher than that under single ridge film furrow planting or topdressing nitrogen, displaying a preferable water-fertilizer coupling effect.

Key words: dry land, winter wheat, topdressing nitrogen, ridge film furrow planting, water use efficiency