次生林经营基础研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 次生林是中国森林的主体,在结构组成、林木生长、生产力、林分环境等诸多方面与原始林和人工林有着显著的不同.因此,经营好次生林对中国天然林保护等林业工程实施及国家生态安全建设具有重大意义.本文在广泛收集国内外有关次生林研究结果的基础上,探讨了次生林经营领域中基础研究所涉内容,揭示出次生林经营研究中所关注的基础问题,提出了次生林经营基础研究的主要内容与方向,对今后次生林经营研究和中国天然林保护等林业工程建设具有参考价值.

关键词: 次生林, 次生林经营, 榨菜, 气候变化, 重庆, MaxEnt模型, 主导因子

Abstract: Secondary forest is also called as natural secondary forest,which regenerates on native forest that has been disturbed by severe natural or anthropogenic disturbances.The structural and dynamic organizations,growth,productivity and stand environment of secondary forests are significantly different from those of natural and artificial forests. Such significant differences make secondary forests have their own special characteristics in forestry. Secondary forests are the main body of forests in China. Therefore,their management plays a very important role in the projects of natural forest conservation and the construction of ecological environment in China or in the world. Based on a wide range of literature collection on secondary forest research,the fundamental studies of secondary forest management were discussed. The major topics are as follows: 1) basic characteristics of secondary forest,2) principles of secondary forest management,3) types of secondary forest,4) community structure and succession dynamics of secondary forest,including niches,biodiversity,succession and so on,5) main ecological processes of secondary forest,including regeneration,forest soil and forest environment. Additionally,the research needs and tendency related to secondary forest in the future were also given,based on the analyses of the main results and the problems in current management of secondary forest. The review may be helpful to the research of secondary forest management,and to the projects of natural forest conservation in China.

Key words: Secondary forest, Management for secondary forest, MaxEnt model, Chongqing, climate change, Brassica juncea var tumida, dominant factor

中图分类号:

S757.1

朱教君. 次生林经营基础研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (12): 1689-1694.

ZHU Jiaojun . A review on fundamental studies of secondary forest management[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (12): 1689-1694.

参考文献

[1] Adjers G,Hadengganan S,Kuusipalo J,et al.1995.Enrichment planting of dipterocarps in logged-over secondary forests effect of width direction and maintenance method of planting line on selected Shorea species.For Ecol Manag,73:259～270
[2] Aiba S,Hill DA,Agetsuma N.2001.Comparison between old-growth stands and secondary stands regenerating after clear-felling in warm-temperate forests of Yakushima,southern Japan.For Ecol Manag,140:163～175
[3] An S-Q(安树青),Hong B-G(洪必恭),Li Z-Y(李朝阳),et al.1997.Environmental and vegetation studies of the gaps of secondary forests on Zijin Mountain.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),8(3):245～245(in Chinese)
[4] Bao W-K(包维楷),Liu Z-G(刘照光),Liu C-L(刘朝禄),et al.2000.Fifteen-year changes of tree layer in secondary Castanopsis schima humid evergreen broad-leaved forest in central subtropics of western China.Acta Phytoecol Sin(植物生态学报),24(6):702～709(in Chinese)
[5] Chen X-J(陈喜军),Xing S-Z(邢树名),Zang J(臧军),et al.1997.Species diversity of forest types in natural secondary forests.For Sci Tech(林业科技),20(5):13～14(in Chinese)
[6] Dezzotti A.1996.Austrocedrus chilensis and Nothofagus dombeyi stand development during secondary succession in northwestern Patagonia Argentina.For Ecol Manag,89:125～137
[7] Finegan B.1996.Pattern and process in Neotropical secondary rain forests:The first 100 years of succession.Trends Ecol,11:119～124
[8] Fu H-L(付恒良),Wang S-M(王树明).1997.Characteristics of succession and natural regeneration for natural secondary forest in Muling forest region.For Sci Tech(林业科技),22(2):18～21(in Chinese)
[9] Gao P(高鹏),Li J(李金),Liu J-M(刘建民).1998.Hydrological functions of natural secondary forests.Soil Water Conser Sci Tech Shanxi(山西水土保持科技),(3):10～12(in Chinese)
[10] Grau HR,Arturi MF,Brown AD,et al.1997.Floristic and structural patterns along a chronosequence of secondary forest succession in argentinean subtropical montane forests.For Ecol Manag,95:161～171
[11] Green RH.1971.A multivariant statistical approach the Hutchinson niche.Ecology,54:543～556
[12] Guariguata MR,Chazdon RL,Denslow JS,et al.1997.Structure and floristics of secondary and old-growth forest stands in lowland Costa Rica.Plant Ecol,132:107～120
[13] Guariguata MR.1999.Early response of selected tree species to liberation thinning in a young secondary forest in Northeastern Costa Rica.For Ecol Manag,124:255～261
[14] Guggenberger G,Zech W.1999.Soil organic matter composition under primary forest,pasture,and secondary forest succession,Region Huetar Norte,Costa Rica.For Ecol Manag,124:93～104
[15] Guo Q-B(郭全邦),Ma P-A(马平安),Liu Y-C(刘玉成).1998.Dynamics of niches for dominant species in Jinyunshan secondary forests.Res Geogr National Land(地理学与国土研究),14(1):49～51(in Chinese)
[16] Guo S-P(郭树平),Zhang X-W(张晓巍),Lü Q-Y(吕秋银),et al.1995.Evaluation of regeneration for natural secondary forest of Korean pine.For Sci Tech(林业科技),20(6):12～14(in Chinese)
[17] Herrera B,Campos JJ,Finegana B,et al.1999.Factors affecting site productivity of a Costa Rican secondary rain forest in relation to Vochysia ferruginea,a commercially valuable canopy tree species.For Ecol Manag,118:73～81
[18] Higo M,Shinohara A,Kodama S.1995.The regeneration behavior of major component species in the secondary forest dominated by Pinus densiflora and Quercus serrata in central Japan.For Ecol Manag,76:1～10
[19] Huang S-N(黄世能),Wang B-S(王伯荪).2000.Study on community dynamics of secondary tropical forests:Review and prospects.World For Res(世界林业研究),13(6):7～13(in Chinese)
[20] Jiang M-X(江明喜),Jin Y-X(金义兴),He J-S(贺金生),et al.1995.The effects of man-made disturbance on woody species diversity of secondary growth Masson pine forest in Three Gorges region.Resou Environ Yangtze Vall(长江流域资源与环境),4(4):256～261(in Chinese)
[21] Jiang P-K(姜培坤),Qian X-B(钱新标),Yu S-Q(余树全),et al.1999.Investigation and analysis on litter and soil under natural secondary forests in Qiandaohu lake area.J Zhejiang For Coll(浙江林学院学报),16(3):260～264(in Chinese)
[22] Kobayashi M,Kamitani T.2000.Effects of surface disturbance and light level on seedling emergence in a Japanese secondary deciduous forest.J Veg Sci,11:93～100
[23] Kohyama T,Aiba S.1997.Dynamics of primary and secondary warm-temperate rain forests in Yakushima Island.Tropics,6:383～392
[24] Komiyama A,Havanond S,Srisawatt W,et al.2000.Top/root biomass ratio of a secondary mangrove(Ceriops tagal(Perr.)C.B.Rob.)forest.For Ecol Manag,139:127～134
[25] Lacaze JF.2000.Forest management for recreation and conservation.Forestry,73:137～142
[26] Li D-Z(李德志),Li G-X(李广祥),Sun S-Y(孙淑艳),et al.1995.The measurements and analyses of niches of main tree populations in natural secondary forest communities of eastern mountain areas in northeast China.J Jilin For Inst(吉林林学院学报),11(2):69～74(in Chinese)
[27] Li D-Z(李德志),Qin A-L(秦艾丽),Yang M-L(杨茂林),et al.1996.Study on the interconnections among main tree populations in natural secondary forest communities.Acta Phytoecol Sin(植物生态学报),20(3):263～271(in Chinese)
[28] Li R-X(李茹秀),Ren Q-S(任青山),Guo S-A(郭水安).1996.Approach of land classification with spatial niche of main types of secondary forests.J Northeast For Univ(东北林业大学学报),24(5):43～49(in Chinese)
[29] Lin Q-Y(林全业).1996.Principal components analysis and factor analysis on natural regeneration of secondary forest of Japanese red pine.J Shandong Agric Univ(山东农业大学学报),27(4):445～450(in Chinese)
[30] Liu D-Z(刘德章),Hou Q(侯箕),Jin L-Y(金烈谊),et al.1996.Grey correlation analysis for Quercus variables natural secondary forest in south of Taihang Mountain.J Hebeit For Coll(河北林学院学报),11(2):165～169(in Chinese)
[31] Lou A-R(娄安如).1996.A study on the population structure and syndynamics of three kinds secondary forest of Shennongjia.J Beijing Normal Univ(Nat Sci)(北京师范大学学报(自然科学版)),32(1):124～128(in Chinese)
[32] Li T(李涛),Zhao C-L(赵春玲),Lü H-J(吕海军),et al.2000.A survey of regeneration of natural secondary forest in Helanshan Mountain in Ningxia.Ningxia Agric For Sci Tech(宁夏农林科技),(supp.):23～25(in Chinese)
[33] Ma T-W(马丹炜).1999.The analysis of community species diversity of secondary forest in Jiuzhaigou valley natural reserve.J Sichuan Normal Univ Nat Sci)(四川师范大学学报(自然科学版)),22(1):83～87(in Chinese)
[34] McDonald MA,Healey JR.2000.Nutrient cycling in secondary forests in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica.For Ecol Manag,139:257～278
[35] Mesquita RCG.1995.The effect of different proportions of canopy opening on the carbon cycle of a central Amazonian secondary forest.Ph.D.Dissertation,University of Georgia,Athens,Georgia,USA,1～5.
[36] Mesquita RCG.2000.Management of advanced regeneration in secondary forests of the Brazilian Amazon.For Ecol Manag,130:131～140
[37] Nelson BW,Mesquita R,Pereira,JLG,et al.1999.Allometric regressions for improved estimate of secondary forest biomass in the central Amazon.For Ecol Manag,117:149～167
[38] Ren L-Z(任立忠),Luo J-C(罗菊春).2000.Influence of tending and cutting on biodiversity of Populus davidiana secondary forest.J Beijing For Univ(北京林业大学学报),22(1):14～17(in Chinese)
[39] Ren Q-S(任青山).1998.Study on niche structure of dominant population in natural secondary forest.J Northeast For Univ(东北林业大学学报),26(2):5～10(in Chinese)
[40] Sanchez RG,Alvarez-Sanchez J.1995.Litterfall in primary and secondary tropical forests of Mexico.Trop Ecol,36:191～201
[41] Sha L-Q(沙丽清),Deng J-W(邓继武),Xie K-J(谢克金),et al.1998.Study on the changes of soil nutrient before and after burning secondary forest in Xishuangbanna.Acta Phytoecol Sin(植物生态学报),22(6):513～517(in Chinese)
[42] Sun D-Z(孙德宙),Zhan Y-S(詹有生),Sheng W-T(盛讳彤),et al.1998.The analysis of biodiversity of even-green broad-leaved second growth and plantation in Damaoshan Mountain,Jiangxi province.For Sci Res(林业科学研究),11(4):402～406(in Chinese)
[43] Tang Y(唐勇),Cao M(曹敏),Zhang J-H(张建侯),et al.1998.Study on the soil seed band and seed rain of Mellotus paniculatus forest in Xishuangbanna.Acta Phytoecol Sin(植物生态学报),22(6):505～512(in Chinese)
[44] Turner IM,Wong YK,Chew PT.1997.Tree species richness in primary and old secondary tropical forest in Singapore.Biodiv Conserv,6:537～543
[45] Wang B-X(王百兴),Liang J-B(梁金彪),Gao Q-C(高庆春).2000.Discussion on regular pattern of natural regeneration in secondary forest zone.Inner Mongolia For Sci Tech(内蒙古林业科技),(2):33～35(in Chinese)
[46] Wang D-H(王迪海),Tang D-R(唐德瑞),Li G-Q(李根前),et al.1995.Management techniques for Pinus massoniana secondary forests.J Jiangxi For Sci Tech(陕西林业科技),(4):52～54(in Chinese)
[47] Wang H-Z(王辉忠),Xie Z-G(谢遵国),Huang Y(黄昊),et al.1999.Effects of cutting and caring on structure and succession for secondary forests of poplar and birch.For Sci Tech(林业科技),24(3):17～19(in Chinese)
[48] Wen Y-G(温远光),Li X-X(李信贤).1996.Community structure and dynamic of dominant species for natural secondary forest in cutting area of Tianping,Damingshan.J Guanxi Agric Univ(广西农业大学学报),15(2):118～124(in Chinese)
[49] Xu L-F(许炼烽),Zhu W-K(朱伍坤).1996.The utilization of tropical secondary forest and the change of soil physical properties.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),16(6):652～659(in Chinese)
[50] Yang X-B(杨小波),Wen H-B(文洪波),Wu Q-S(吴庆书),et al.1999.Study on the ecological characters of secondary forest in the central mountain area of Hainan island.J Hainan Univ(Nat Sci)(海南大学学报(自然科学版)),17(4):343～347(in Chinese)
[51] Zai D-C(翟大才),Xiang B-L(项百林).2001.Species diversity of secondary forests in Xiuning County,Anhui Province.For Reso Manag(林业资源管理),(1):39～43(in Chinese)
[52] Zeng S-Q(曾思齐),Zhou G-Y(周国英),Yu J-Y(余济云).1998.Ecological distribution of soil microognisms and soil enzyme activity in hilly secondary forests in esat Hunian.J Central South For Univ(中南林学院学报),18(2):20～23(in Chinese)
[53] Zhang J-G(张建国),Ye F(叶芬),Sheng W-T(盛讳彤),et al.1998.Studies on type classification and tree species diversity for the Castanopsis fargesii secondary forest in the Hongdong forest farm of Fujian Province.For Sci Res(林业科学研究),11(1):45～51(in Chinese)
[54] Zhang L-J(张龙俊),Wang W-P(王卫平).2000.Cultivation and climax succession of natural secondary forests.For Sci Tech(林业科技通讯),(8):38～39(in Chinese)
[55] Zhang P(张萍),Feng Z-L(冯志立).1997.Biological natural cycling of secondary forests in Xishuangbanna.Acta Pedol Sin(土壤学报),34(4):419～426(in Chinese)
[56] Zhang P-C(张佩昌),Wang Q-L(王庆礼).2000.Protection/ Conservation Project for Natural Forests.Beijing:China Forestry Press.11～26(in Chinese)
[57] Zhang Q-B(张其保),Fang L(方亮).1998.A Study of problems of planting fast-growing and high-yield plantation in secondary forest site on the south slope in Great Xingan Mountain.J Inner Mongolia For Coll(内蒙古林学院学报),20(3):37～42(in Chinese)
[58] Zhao H-X(赵惠勋),Zhou X-F(周晓峰),Wang Y-H(王义弘),et al.2000.Quality of forest evaluation standard and evaluation target.J Northeast For Univ(东北林业大学学报),28(5):58～61(in Chinese)
[59] Zhou H-C(周厚诚),Ren H(任海),Peng S-L(彭少麟).2001.Community structure of three secondary forests in Nan'ao island,Guangdong.Guihaia(广西植物),21(3):209～214(in Chinese)
[60] Zhuang X-Y(庄雪影),Richard TC.1999.Study on seed ecophysiological characteristics of tree species in secondary forest of HongKong.Ecol Sci(生态科学),18(1):1～6(in Chinese)
[61] Zhuang X-Y(庄雪影),Richard TC.2000.Survival and growth of native tree seedlings in secondary forest of Hong Kong.J Trop Subtrop Bot(热带亚热带植物学报),8(4):291～300(in Chinese)
[62] Zhu L-H(朱丽晖),Li D(李冬).2001.Hydrological functions of litterfall of natural secondary forests in Liaodong Mentone.Liaoning For Sci Tech(辽宁林业科技),(1):35～37(in Chinese)