土壤中毒死蜱和微生物相互作用的研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 实验结果表明,50、500、5000g·kg^-1的毒死蜱在灭菌土中的降解速度十分缓慢,60 d后,仅降解20%左右,在施过毒死蜱的土壤中的降解速度非常迅速,60 d后,50 mg·kg^-1的降解率接近100%,500mg·kg^-1的降解率达到90%,5000g·kg^-1的降解率在80%左右,在未灭菌但未施过毒死蜱的土壤中的降解速度则介于二者之间.在各处理的土壤,50和500 mg·kg^-1的毒死蜱在处理前期对真菌和细菌数量有一定的刺激作用,60 d后,基本恢复到正常水平,而5000 mg·kg^-1的毒死蜱则对真菌和细菌的数量有较强的抑制作用,60 d后仍不能恢复.在同样处理条件下,施过毒死蜱土壤中的真菌和细菌数量并不比未施过毒死蜱土壤中的占优势,表明毒死蜱在施过药的土壤中降解速度的加快并不是由细菌和真菌的数量决定的,而是由它们的降解能力决定的.

关键词: 毒死蜱, 微生物, 降解

Abstract: The experimental results showed that in sterilized soils,the degradation rate of 50 mg穔g^-1,500 mg穔g^-1 and 5 000 g穔g^-1 chlopyrifos was very slow (only 20% after 60 d),and in soils which previously treated with chlopyrifos,the degradation rate of 50 mg穔g^-1,500 mg穔g^-1 and 5 000 mg穔g^-1 chlopyrifos was 100%,90% and 80%,respectively.However,in un-sterilized and untreated soils,the degradation rate was at the medium of the rates mentioned-above,indicating that soil microorganisms played an important role in chlopyrifos degradation,and using chlopyrifos could induce the chlopyrifos degrading ability of soil microorganisms.Compared to the soils untreated with chlopyrifos,the soils treated with 50 mg穔g^-1 and 500 mg穔g^-1 chlopyrifos had somewhat increased bacteria and fungi during a short period of treatment,which recovered to normal level after 60 days.But,when treated with 5 000 mg穔g^-1 chlopyrifos,the bacteria and fungi were inhibited,and couldn't recover after 60 days.Under the same treatment condition,the number of bacteria and fungi was not different between soils previously treated and untreated with chlopyrifos,which indicated that enhanced degradation of chlopyrifos was not decided by the numbers of bacteria and fungi,but by their ability of enhanced degradation.

Key words: Chlopyrifos, Microorganism, Degradation

中图分类号:

X172
S482.3

刘新, 尤民生, 廖金英, 魏英智. 土壤中毒死蜱和微生物相互作用的研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (7): 1174-1176.

LIU Xin, YOU Minsheng, LIAO Jinying, WEI Yingzhi. Interaction between chlopyrifos and microorganisms in soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (7): 1174-1176.

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