物候变化对寒温带森林优势种叶片非结构性碳水化合物的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202412.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究寒温带物候对叶片非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)及其组分的影响,选择兴安落叶松林、白桦林、山杨林的优势树种为研究对象,根据物候节律进行样品采集,探究物候变化对叶片NSC的影响规律。结果表明: 兴安落叶松、白桦、山杨3个树种的叶片可溶性糖、淀粉及NSC含量均具有显著的物候动态变化特征,且可溶性糖含量显著高于淀粉含量,占叶片NSC的73.7%～96.3%。随着物候节律的变化,3个树种叶片NSC和可溶性糖含量呈单峰曲线变化,淀粉含量则呈波动式变化。3个树种展叶初期叶片NSC含量最低,且山杨低于其他2树种。充分展叶期至变色期,白桦和山杨叶片NSC含量均高于兴安落叶松。变色期叶片NSC含量达到峰值,表现为山杨(151.36 g·kg^-1)>白桦(146.64 g·kg^-1)>兴安落叶松(132.20 g·kg^-1)。而叶片NSC含量在落叶期均不同程度地降低,其中山杨降幅增大,达61.8%。冗余分析表明,土壤温度和土壤速效氮含量对3个树种叶片NSC及其组分含量影响较大。寒温带主要森林类型优势种物候期存在一定的时间差异,物候变化对不同树种叶片NSC含量影响趋势相似,但对白桦和山杨的影响程度要大于兴安落叶松,这也表明寒温带不同树种对气候变化的响应程度存在差异。

关键词: 非结构性碳水化合物, 可溶性糖, 寒温带森林, 物候期, 叶片

Abstract: To investigate the impacts of phenological changes in cold-temperate zones on the concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) and their components in leaves, we selected dominant tree species from different forest communities (Larix gmelinii forest, Betula platyphylla forest, and Populus davidiana forest). Leaf samples were collected based on phenological rhythms to explore the influence of phenological changes on leaf NSCs. The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar, starch, and NSC in the leaves of the three tree species exhibited significant phenological changes. Soluble sugar content was significantly higher than starch content, accounting for 73.7% to 96.3% of leaf NSCs. As phenological rhythms changed, foliar NSC and soluble sugar contents in the three tree species showed a unimodal pattern, while starch content fluctuated. Foliar NSC content of the three tree species was the lowest at the early stage of leaf expansion. The NSC content of P. davidiana was the lowest among the three tree species. From full leaf expansion to the leaf discoloration phase, the NSC content in the leaves of B. platyphylla and P. davidiana was higher than that of L. gmelinii. The peak NSC content occurred during the leaf discoloration phase, with P. davidiana (151.36 g·kg^-1) > B. platyphylla (146.64 g·kg^-1) > L. gmelinii (132.20 g·kg^-1). During the leaf-fall period, the NSC content in the leaves decreased, with P. davidiana showing the largest decrease at 61.8%. Redundancy analysis indicated that soil temperature and available nitrogen content had significant effects on the NSC and its components. There were certain time differences in the phenological periods of the dominant species in the cold-temperate forest. The impact of phenological changes on leaf NSC content showed similar trends among different species, with the effect being more pronounced in B. platyphylla and P. davidiana than in L. gmelinii. Such a result indicated that different tree species in cold-temperate zones respond differently to climate change.

Key words: non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), soluble sugar, cold temperate forest, phenological period, leaf

牛岳桐, 满秀玲. 物候变化对寒温带森林优势种叶片非结构性碳水化合物的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(12): 3323-3328.

NIU Yuetong, MAN Xiuling. Effects of phenological changes on non-structural carbohydrates in leaves of dominant species in the cold temperate forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(12): 3323-3328.

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