关键词: 双季稻, 有机肥等氮替代化肥, 镁硼锌, 产量, 稻米品质, 酸化土壤改良

Abstract: We conducted a field experiment in Taishan City (one of the first national pilot counties for acidified soil remediation) to investigate the effects of using organic fertilizers or other nitrogen substitutes for chemical ferti-lizers, or applying trace elements in combination with fertilizers, on the production of typical double-cropping rice and the improvement of acidified soils. There were four treatments: no fertilization (T₀), conventional farmer fertilization (T₁), organic fertilizer replacing 25% of chemical fertilizer (T₂), and organic fertilizer replacing 25% of chemical fertilizer plus magnesium, boron, and zinc (T₃). Yield, rice quality, and soil acidity-related indicators were measured at rice harvest. The results showed that compared with T₀, T₁-T₃ treatments significantly increased the yield of early and late rice by 72.0%-99.2% and 32.5%-50.9%, respectively, and improved the quality of late rice. Soil pH was highest in the T₀ treatment, while it decreased significantly in the T₁ and T₂ treatments, and there was no significant difference between the T₃ treatment and T₀. Compared with the T₁ treatment, T₂ treatment did not affect early rice yield but significantly increased late rice yield by 11.0%; T₃ treatment significantly increased the yield of early and late rice by 15.8% and 13.8%, respectively, and reduced the chalky grain rate and chalkiness of rice, thereby improving rice quality. It also significantly increased the total exchangeable base cations and available boron and zinc content in the soil, while significantly reducing the exchangeable acid content. In summary, replacing 25% of chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers and applying appropriate amounts of magnesium, boron, and zinc could simultaneously achieve increased rice yields and mitigate soil acidification while maintaining rice quality in typical double-cropping rice-growing areas of Guangdong Province.

Key words: double-cropping rice, organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers with equal nitrogen level, magnesium/boron/zinc, yield, rice grain quality, soil acidification improvement