杉木林分类型对表层土壤团聚体有机碳及养分变化的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202009.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探讨不同杉木林分表层土壤有机碳及养分在团聚体尺度下的微观表征,可为促进杉木人工林土壤资源可持续利用奠定理论基础,从而保障和提升土壤健康及肥力。本研究以杉木-火力楠混交林(Ⅰ)、杉木-米老排混交林(Ⅱ)和杉木纯林(Ⅲ)的土壤为对象,在0～10和10～20 cm土层采集土样,通过干筛法将土样分为>2、0.25～2和<0.25 mm粒径团聚体,测定各粒径团聚体的有机碳、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾等养分的含量。结果表明: 不同林分表层土壤团聚体的有机碳和养分含量均随粒径减小而增加,不同粒径团聚体对有机碳和养分储量的贡献率在0～10 cm土层表现为: (>2 mm粒径)>(0.25～2 mm粒径)>(<0.25 mm粒径),在10～20 cm土层为(>2 mm粒径)>(<0.25 mm粒径)>(0.25～2 mm粒径)。不同林分类型表层土壤团聚体稳定性指标的平均重量直径,有机碳、全氮、碱解氮和有效磷含量及储量均为林型Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ(10～20 cm土层的有效磷除外),而速效钾含量和储量的排序为林型Ⅲ>Ⅰ>Ⅱ。相较于杉木纯林,杉木与火力楠、米老排混交林的表层土壤具有更稳定的团聚体结构,而未受到人为因素干扰的杉木-火力楠混交林的表层土壤具有更多的大团聚体(>0.25 mm),土壤结构优于受到人为干扰的杉木-米老排混交林。杉木-火力楠混交林能够有效促进土壤团聚体的形成和稳定,缓解人工林土壤有机质分解及养分流失。

关键词: 土壤团聚体, 有机碳, 养分, 杉木人工林

Abstract: Exploring the microscopic characterization of organic carbon and nutrients in surface soil of different Chinese fir stands at aggregate scale can lay a theoretical foundation for promoting the sustainable use of soil resources with implications for improving soil health and fertility. We mea-sured the concentrations of soil organic C (OC), total nitrogen (TN), alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen (AN), Olsen-P (AP), and available K (AK) in aggregate fractions collected from 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers in three different stands, mixed plantation of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Michelia macclurei (Ⅰ), C. lanceolata and Mytilaria laosensis (Ⅱ) and pure plantation of C. lanceolata (Ⅲ) respectively. Soil aggregates were classified into >2, 0.25-2, and <0.25 mm fractions by a dry-sieving procedure. The organic carbon and nutrient contents of soil aggregates in different stands increased with the decreases of particle size while the contribution rate of aggregates with different particle sizes to soil organic carbon and nutrient storage in 0-10 cm soil layer mainly was (>2 mm)>(0.25-2 mm)>(<0.25 mm), which was (>2 mm)>(<0.25 mm)>(0.25-2 mm) in 10-20 cm soil layer. The average weight diameter (MWD), the contents and stocks of OC, TN, AN and AP in surface soil aggregates of different stands ranked as Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ (except the AP in 10-20 cm soil layer), while the contents and stocks of AK ranked as Ⅲ>Ⅰ>Ⅱ. Compared with pure plantation, aggregate structure of surface soil of mixed plantations was more stable, and Ⅰ was better than Ⅱ, because Ⅰ was artificially disturbed but Ⅱwas not. Therefore, the mixed plantation of C. lanceolata and M. macclurei could effectively promote the formation and stability of soil aggregates, and alleviate decomposition of soil organic matter and nutrient loss in plantations.

Key words: soil aggregate, organic carbon, nutrient, fir plantation

黄永珍, 王晟强, 叶绍明. 杉木林分类型对表层土壤团聚体有机碳及养分变化的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(9): 2857-2865.

HUANG Yong-zhen, WANG Sheng-qiang, YE Shao-ming. Effects of Cunninghamia lanceolata stand types on the changes of aggregate-related organic carbon and nutrients in surface soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(9): 2857-2865.

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