黑龙江流域植被覆盖度时空动态及其对气候变化的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202406.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究黑龙江流域植被覆盖度时空动态特征及其对气候变化的响应,可为该地区3个国家(蒙古国、中国和俄罗斯)开展流域综合治理提供理论依据和数据支撑。本研究以黑龙江流域为对象,基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台提供的2000—2020年的MOD13Q1遥感数据,按最大值法合成归一化植被指数(NDVI),并利用像元二分模型计算植被覆盖度(FVC),采用Sen+MK趋势法分析植被覆盖度动态变化,利用皮尔逊相关系数量化植被覆盖度对气候变化的响应。结果表明: 2000—2020年间,黑龙江流域FVC整体呈轻微减少趋势,年际变化率为0.1%,其中,蒙古国FVC呈波动上升趋势(0.13%),而俄罗斯(0.15%)和中国(0.08%)则呈轻微减少趋势;区域内FVC以轻微退化和严重退化为主,面积占比分别为34%和17%,而显著改善区域仅占9%;降水对研究区FVC的影响显著大于气温,降水和气温对FVC影响显著的面积占比分别为8.2%和2.2%,其中,降水与蒙古国区FVC的相关系数最高(r=0.446,P<0.05),而与俄罗斯区FVC的相关系数最低(r=-0.442,P<0.05)。

关键词: 植被覆盖度, MODIS, 归一化植被指数, 像元二分模型, 相关性分析

Abstract: Exploring the temporal and spatial dynamics of vegetation coverage in the Heilongjiang Basin and its response to climate change can provide a theoretical basis and data support for integrated basin management for three countries (Mongolia, China and Russia) in the region. We used MOD13Q1 remote sensing data from Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform between 2000 and 2020 to process the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) through the maximum value composites method, and calculated the vegetation coverage (FVC) using the dimidiate pixel model. The Sen+MK trend analysis method was employed to monitor the dynamics of FVC, while the Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized to quantify the responses of FVC to climate change. The results showed that the overall FVC in the Heilongjiang Basin exhibited a slight decreasing trend during 2000-2020, with an annual rate of 0.1%. The FVC in Mongolia showed a fluctuating increase trend (0.13%), while slight decrease trends were observed for Russia (0.15%) and China (0.08%). The FVC predominantly slightly degraded and severely degraded, accounting for 34% and 17% of the area, respectively, while the significantly improved area only accounted for 9%. The impact of precipitation on FVC in the study area was significantly greater than that of temperature. The proportion of areas where precipitation and temperature had a significant impact on FVC was 8.2% and 2.2%, respectively. The correlation coefficient between precipitation and FVC was the highest in Mongolia (r=0.446, P<0.05), and the lowest in Russian region (r=-0.442, P< 0.05).

Key words: vegetation cover, MODIS, normalized difference vegetation index, pixel dichotomous model, correlation analysis

胡蓉, 董灵波. 黑龙江流域植被覆盖度时空动态及其对气候变化的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(6): 1518-1524.

HU Rong, DONG Lingbo. Temporal and spatial variations of vegetation coverage in Heilongjiang Basin and its responses to climate change[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(6): 1518-1524.

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