基于生态系统固碳服务流的福建省横向生态补偿

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202511.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 构建科学的生态补偿机制是协调区域生态保护与社会经济发展的重要途径,对实现生态系统服务的可持续利用具有重要意义。本研究基于多源遥感数据,定量测度福建省生态系统固碳服务的供给量和需求量,并综合利用供需比、冷热点分析和断点-场强模型,分析2000—2020年福建省生态系统固碳服务流的流向、流速及流量的空间流动特征,进而结合支付能力和支付意愿量化生态补偿金额。结果表明: 2000—2020年间,福建省生态系统固碳服务的供给量和需求量均呈显著上升趋势,其中,供给量呈西北高、东南低的分布趋势,而需求量的空间分布呈现出相反的基本态势。研究期间,福建省生态系统固碳服务的主导供需匹配模式为供需错配,且期间供需错配状况有所加剧,其中,沿海地区的生态系统固碳服务多呈现低供-高需以及高供-高需的供需赤字现象,而其余辖区则多呈现高供-低需的供需盈余现象。2020年,研究区生态系统固碳服务的供给区与需求区的县域数量比例为9:32,呈西供给、东输入的空间格局,供给区碳流出总量为4264107 t,其中,碳流出最多的为漳平市,碳流入最多的为长泰区。福建省生态系统固碳服务的支付区应支付给受偿区的金额为1.82亿元,实际共支出9116万元,其中,长泰区实际支出最多,漳平市实际收入最多。

关键词: 生态系统固碳服务, 供需匹配, 生态系统服务流, 生态补偿, 福建省

Abstract: Constructing a scientifically sound ecological compensation mechanism is a crucial approach to harmonize regional ecological conservation with socio-economic development, which has significant implications for the sustainable use of ecosystem services. Based on multi-source remote sensing data, we quantified the supply and demand of ecosystem carbon sequestration service in Fujian Province. With the supply-demand ratio, hot/cold spot analysis, and breakpoint-field strength models, we examined the spatial flow features (direction, rate, and flux) of carbon sequestration services in Fujian from 2000 to 2020, and further quantified ecological compensation with considerations of payment capacity and willingness to pay. The results showed that both the supply and demand of ecosystem carbon sequestration in Fujian Province increased significantly between 2000 and 2020. The supply showed a northwest high and southeast low distribution, while the spatial distribution of demand exhibited the opposite pattern. There was a mismatch between dominant supply and demand for ecosystem carbon sequestration services in Fujian Province, which was worsening over time. Coastal areas typically exhibited a supply-demand deficit with low supply-high demand and high supply-high demand, while other regions mostly showed a supply-demand surplus with high supply-low demand. In 2020, the ratio of counties between the supply region and the demand region for ecosystem carbon sequestration was 9:32, showing a spatial pattern of west supply and east input. The total carbon outflow from the supply region was 4264107 t, with the largest outflow from Zhangping City and the largest inflow to Changtai District. The payment to the compensated areas should been 182 million yuan, but the actual expenditure was 91.16 million yuan. Changtai District had the highest actual expenditure, while Zhangping City had the highest actual income.

Key words: ecosystem carbon sequestration service, supply-demand matching, ecosystem service flow, ecological compensation, Fujian Province

黄纪星, 刘婉仪, 林金煌, 戴永务, 黄衍, 欧阳友全. 基于生态系统固碳服务流的福建省横向生态补偿[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(11): 3443-3456.

HUANG Jixing, LIU Wanyi, LIN Jinhuang, DAI Yongwu, HUANG Yan, OUYANG Youquan. Horizontal ecological compensation based on ecosystem carbon sequestration flow in Fujian Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(11): 3443-3456.

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