舟山群岛枸杞岛浮筏海藻群落结构及其对藻栖端足目附生偏好的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202512.031

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 3841-3852.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202512.031

舟山群岛枸杞岛浮筏海藻群落结构及其对藻栖端足目附生偏好的影响

王昊然^1,2, 朱帅麟^1,2, 刘明智³, 李鹏飞², 蒋日进^2*, 肖泽宇^1,2, 徐冬冬²

¹浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所, 浙江舟山 316021;
²浙江省海洋水产研究所, 农业农村部舟山野外综合科学观测研究站, 浙江舟山 316021;
³浙江大学海洋学院, 浙江舟山 316021

收稿日期:2025-06-09 修回日期:2025-09-17 出版日期:2025-12-18 发布日期:2026-07-18
通讯作者: ^*E-mail: jiangridge@zjou.edu.cn
作者简介:王昊然, 女, 2001年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事渔业资源生态学研究。E-mail: 15231725895@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2025SNJF094)、国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD2400404)和浙江近海重要经济种产卵场调查与评价项目(HYS-CZ-202505)

Community structure of floating raft macroalgae in Gouqi Island, Zhoushan Archipelago and its influence on the epiphytic preference of algae-dwelling amphipods

WANG Haoran^1,2, ZHU Shuailin^1,2, LIU Mingzhi³, LI Pengfei², JIANG Rijin^2*, XIAO Zeyu^1,2, XU Dongdong²

¹Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China;
²Zhoushan Field Comprehensive Scientific Observation and Research Station of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China;
³Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China

Received:2025-06-09 Revised:2025-09-17 Online:2025-12-18 Published:2026-07-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以舟山群岛枸杞岛贻贝筏式养殖区为研究区域,于2022年8月(夏季)、10月(秋季)和2023年2月(冬季)、5月(春季)进行样品采集,分析舟山群岛枸杞岛浮筏海藻群落结构及其对藻栖端足目生物(钩虾和麦秆虫)附生偏好的影响。结果表明: 1)养殖区近岸侧浮筏海藻物种数及生物量均高于离岸侧,且存在一定的季节性波动,其中,夏季海藻物种数最多(19种),冬季最少(15种);物种丰富度指数亦表现为夏季高(2.65)、冬季低(2.38)。2)钩虾和麦秆虫附生密度在各季节间存在极显著差异,且均呈现夏高冬低的季节变化。钩虾多分布于养殖区近岸侧,麦秆虫多分布于离岸侧。3)钩虾和麦秆虫均偏好枝状和叶状海藻,附生密度最大的叶状海藻均为角叉菜;枝状海藻中,钩虾倾向附生于结构复杂、颜色相近的岗村蜈蚣藻上,麦秆虫则倾向附生于表面粗糙、质地坚硬、结构稳定的珊瑚藻。除季节外,分枝数量、表面粗糙度、结构复杂性等形态特征也是影响钩虾和麦秆虫附生偏好的主要因素。研究结果有助于理解端足目生物的生态适应策略,可为筏式养殖区的生态管理和海藻多样性保护提供理论基础和数据支持。

关键词: 浮筏海藻, 钩虾, 麦秆虫, 分布特征, 附生偏好

Abstract: We collected samples in the August (summer) and October (autumn) of 2022, as well as in the February (winter) and May (spring) of 2023 in the raft-style mussel aquaculture area on Gouqi Island in the Zhoushan Archipelago, aiming to analyze the structure of the raft-style algal community on Gouqi Island and its impact on the epibenthic preference of algae-dwelling amphipods (Gammaridea and Caprellidae). The results showed that: 1) The number of algal species and biomass on the nearshore side of the aquaculture area were higher than those on the offshore side, with seasonal fluctuations. The number of algal species was highest in summer (19 species) and lowest in winter (15 species). The species richness index was higher in summer (2.65) and lower in winter (2.38). 2) There were significant differences in the epibenthic density of Gammaridea and Caprellidae across seasons, with higher densities in summer and lower densities in winter. Gammaridea was predominantly distributed on the nearshore side of the aquaculture area, while Caprellidae was more abundant on the offshore side. 3) Both Gammaridea and Caprellidae preferred branching and foliar algae, with the foliar algae Chondrus ocellatus exhibiting the highest epibenthic density. Among the branching algae, Gammaridea tended to attach to the structurally complex and color-similar Grateloupia okamura, while Caprellidae preferred to attach to the rough-surfaced, hard-textured, and structurally stable Corallina officinalis. In addition to season, morphological characteristics such as branching number, surface roughness, and structural complexity were also major factors affecting the epibenthic preference of Gammaridea and Caprellidae. The study could contribute to understanding the ecological adaptation strategies of amphipods and provide theoretical basis and data support for ecological management and algal diversity conservation in raft-style aquaculture areas.

Key words: floating raft macroalgae, Gammaridea, Caprellidae, distribution characteristics, epiphytic preference

王昊然, 朱帅麟, 刘明智, 李鹏飞, 蒋日进, 肖泽宇, 徐冬冬. 舟山群岛枸杞岛浮筏海藻群落结构及其对藻栖端足目附生偏好的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(12): 3841-3852.

WANG Haoran, ZHU Shuailin, LIU Mingzhi, LI Pengfei, JIANG Rijin, XIAO Zeyu, XU Dongdong. Community structure of floating raft macroalgae in Gouqi Island, Zhoushan Archipelago and its influence on the epiphytic preference of algae-dwelling amphipods[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(12): 3841-3852.

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舟山群岛枸杞岛浮筏海藻群落结构及其对藻栖端足目附生偏好的影响

Community structure of floating raft macroalgae in Gouqi Island, Zhoushan Archipelago and its influence on the epiphytic preference of algae-dwelling amphipods

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