枣园节肢动物群落结构及其模糊聚类分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据群落生态学原理,为了利用天敌资源开展枣园害虫的生物防治,明确主要害虫及其天敌发生的时间动态和数量动态,对枣园节肢动物进行了系统调查,共查到2种,分属47科.蜘蛛类的相对丰盛度最高,为0.346,瘿蚊科的相对丰盛度为0.2309,二者在群落中所占比例较高.6月8日和9月21日是枣园节肢动物群落个体数量的两个峰值期.对不同时期的整个群落及各亚群落进行模糊聚类,确定阈值T=0.92,各次调查的整个群落分为4类:3月22日、4月6日和11月22日各自归为一类,其余归为一类;当阈值T=0.94时,不同时间的天敌亚群落聚为3类:3月22日、4月6日各自归为一类,其余归为一类;而非天敌亚群落聚为4类:3月22日、4月6日和6月8日各自归为一类,其余归为一类.聚类结果反映了群落特征的季节差异,聚类交替现象则反映了群落结构在较长时间内的复杂性.

关键词: 枣园, 节肢动物, 群落结构, 时间动态, 模糊聚类

Abstract: Based on the principles of community ecology and by the method of fuzzy clustering,this paper studied the temporal and quantitative dynamics of the arthropod community and sub-community in jujube orchard(Feidong 2003),aimed to utilize natural enemy resources for pest control.There were 52 species of arthropod belonging to 47 families in the orchard.Arachnida and Cecidomyidae had a higher relative abundance than other families being 0.3465 and 0.2309,respectively.The individuals of the arthropod community were the highest on 8 June and 21 September.The total community and pests-neutral insect sub-community could be clustered into 4 clusters,respectively.For total community,the clusters (T=0.92) were those on 22 March,6 April,22 November,and on other dates,and for pests-neutral insect sub-community,they (T=0.94) were those on 22 March,6 April,8 June,and on other dates.The natural enemy sub-community could be clustered into 3 clusters (T=0.94),i.e.,those on 22 March,on 6 April,and on other dates.The results of cluster analysis partly reflected the seasonal differences of total community and sub-community,while the temporal overlaps of cluster results reflected the complexity of community structure.

Key words: Jujube orchard, Arthopod, Community structure, Temporal dynamic, Fuzzy clustering

中图分类号:

Q968.1

毕守东, 刘丽, 高彩球, 邹运鼎, 曹传旺, 丁程成, 李昌根, 孟庆雷. 枣园节肢动物群落结构及其模糊聚类分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(10): 1893-1897.

BI Shoudong, LIU Li, GAO Caiqiu, ZOU Yunding, CAO Chuanwang, DING Chengcheng, LI Changgen, MENG Qinglei . Arthropod community structure and its fuzzy clustering analysis in jujube orchard[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(10): 1893-1897.

参考文献

[1] Ding Y-Q(丁岩钦), Ge F(戈峰). 2000. Progress on insect ecology during 1949～1999 in China. Ent Knowl (昆虫知识), 37(1):18～23 (in Chinese)
[2] Gao B-J(高宝嘉),Shen S-G(申曙光), Wang Z-W(王正文), et al. 1998. Studies on the temporal structure and dynamics of the insect communities in gardens. Acta Ecol Sin (生态学报), 18(2):193～197(in Chinese)
[3] Hao S-G(郝树广), Zhang X-X(张孝羲), Cheng X-N(程遐年).2000. Vertical distribution and quantitative dynamics of dominant functional groups of arthropod community in rice fields and estimation of natural enemy effects. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报),11(1) :103～107(in Chinese)
[4] Heong KL, Aquino GB, Barrion AT, et al. 1991. Arthropod community structure of rice ecosystem in the Philipines. Bull Ent Res,81:407～416
[5] Hull LA, Starner VR. 1983. Impact of four synthetic pyrethroids on major natural enemies and pests of apple in Pennsylvania. J Econ Ent, 76(1): 122～130
[6] Hurlbert SH. 1971. The nonconcept of species diversity: A critique and alternative parameters. Ecology, 52 (4): 577～586
[7] HurtubiaJ. 1973. Trophic diversity measurement in sympatric predatory species. Ecology, 54 (4): 885～890
[8] Jiang G-F(蒋国芳),Yan Z-G(颜增光),Cen M(岑明).2000.Insect community and its diversity in Mangrove forest at Yingluo Bay of Guangxi. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 11 (1): 95～98(in Chinese)
[9] Li Z-W(李忠武), Wang Z-Z(王振中), Zhang Y-M(张友梅), et al.2000. Effect of cadmium on soil animal community structure.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报), 11(6) :931～936(in Chinese)
[10] Liu Y-H (刘云慧), Yu Z-R (宇振荣), Liu Y (刘云). 2004.Temporal and spatial structure of carabid community in agricultural landscape of Dongbeiwang, Beijing. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 15(1):85～90(in Chinese)
[11] Liu H(刘红), Yuan X-Z(袁兴中). 1999. Diversity of soil animals in Confucian graveyard of Qufu. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 10(5): 609～611 (in Chinese)
[12] Lu Y-C(路有成), Wang Z-Y(王宗英), Luo A-W(罗爱武), et al.1997. Ecology of soil animal community in vegetable plots of suburbs along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 8(1) :70～76(in Chinese)
[13] MacArthur R. 1964. Environmental factors affecting bird species diversity. Amer Nat, 98: 387～397
[14] MiaoY(缪勇),ZouY-D(邹运鼎),SunS-J(孙善敏),et al.2002. Dynamics of predatory natural enemy community in cotton fields. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 13 (11): 1437～1440(in Chinese)
[15] Pan K-W(潘开文),Liu Z-G(刘照光). 2001. Grey correlation and cluster analysis on relationship between Cercidiphyllum japonicum community and its environment. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 12(2): 161～167(in Chinese)
[16] Pielou EC. 1975. Ecological Diversity. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
[17] Shi G-L(师光禄), Liu X-Q(刘贤谦), Wang M-G(王满国) et al.1998. Studies on the structure of the insect community and the effect of integrated pest management. Sci Silvae Sin (林业科学), 34(1): 58～64 (in Chinese)
[18] Shi G-L(师光禄), Xi Y-B(席银宝), Wang H-X(王海香)et al.2003. The niche of important pests and natural enemies and competition among the species in Jujube orchard ecosystem. Sci Silvae Sin (林业科学), 39(5) :78～86(in Chinese)
[19] Shi G-L(师光禄), Xi Y-B(席银宝), Wang H-X(王海香), et al.2004. The diversity of biomass of arthropod community in Jujube yard ecosystems. Sci Silvae Sin (林业科学), 40(2): 107～112(in Chinese)
[20] Simpson EH. 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature, 163:688
[21] Sun G(孙刚),Sheng L-X(盛连喜),Li M-Q(李明全).2001.Community characteristics of benthonic animlas and its relationship to environmental factors in the Nanhu Lake, Changchun. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报), 12(2) :319～320(in Chinese)
[22] TanJ-C(潭济才),Deng X(邓欣),Yuan Z-M(袁哲明). 1998.Community structure of insects and spiders in different types of tea plan tation. Acta Ecol Sin (生态学报), 18 (3): 289～294 (in Chinese)
[23] Wei G-S(魏国树),Cui L(崔龙),Zhang X-M(张小梅), et al.2001. Arthropod community structures in transgenic Bt cotton fields. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 12(4): 576～580 (in Chinese)
[24] William WM. 1975. Diversity, complexity, stability and pest control. J Appl Ecol, 12: 795～807
[25] Yang D-R(杨大荣), Peng Y-Q(彭艳琼), Zhang G-M(张光明),et al. 2003. Structure and biodiversity of insect community on syconia fruits of Ficus racemosa in tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna, China. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 14 (10): 1710～1714 (in Chinese)
[26] Zhu C-J (朱传经). 1994. Studies on the structure of the predator communities in cotton fields. Nat Enemies Insects(昆虫天敌), 16(1) :28～35(in Chinese)
[27] Zou Y-D(邹运鼎),Bi S-D(毕守东),Zhou X-Z(周夏芝), et al.2003. Dynamics of the pest and natural enemy communities in peach orchards. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 14(5) :717～720(in Chinese)
[28] Zou Y-D(邹运鼎), Li L(李磊), Zhang B-W(章炳旺), et al.2004. Clustering and optimization cut-apart of arthropod community in pomegranate orchard. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 15(8): 1435～1439(in Chinese)
[29] Zou Y-D(邹运鼎), Ding C-C(丁程成), Bi S-D(毕守东), et al.2005. Cluster analysis on the temporal dynamics of arthropod community in a plum field. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报), 16(4):631～636 (in Chinese)