矮壮素配合氮肥全基施对华北夏玉米氮素利用的调控效应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.021

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 931-941.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.021

矮壮素配合氮肥全基施对华北夏玉米氮素利用的调控效应

马正波, 董学瑞, 房孟颖, 王琦, 闫鹏, 王庆燕, 卢霖, 董志强^*

中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物生态与栽培重点开发实验室, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2020-08-05 接受日期:2020-11-22 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-09-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: dongzhiqiang@caas.cn
作者简介:马正波, 男, 1994年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事作物高产栽培与化学调控研究。E-mail: m2942989968@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200608)和横向合作项目(2019110001000850)资助

Effects of basic application of chlorocholine chloride combined with nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use of summer maize in North China Plain

MA Zheng-bo, DONG Xue-rui, FANG Meng-ying, WANG Qi, YAN Peng, WANG Qing-yan, LU Lin, DONG Zhi-qiang^*

Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2020-08-05 Accepted:2020-11-22 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-09-15
Contact: * E-mail: dongzhiqiang@caas.cn
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0200608) and the Horizontal Cooperation Project (2019110001000850)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解矮壮素(CCC)配合氮肥基施对夏玉米氮代谢及氮素利用率的调控效应,本研究以‘京农科728’(简称JNK728)和‘中单909’(简称ZD909)为材料,于2018和2019年在中国农业科学院新乡试验基地开展大田试验。试验设置常规氮肥处理(CN)和常规氮肥配合CCC处理(CN-CCC),包含0、62.5、125、187.0 kg·hm^-2 4个施氮水平。结果表明: 与常规氮肥处理相比,矮壮素配合氮肥全基施处理在施氮量为62.5和125 kg·hm^-2时,JNK728和ZD909产量在2018和2019年试验中平均分别增加了7.7%和5.0%。CCC处理提高了玉米生育期内功能叶硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、谷氨酸合成酶和可溶性蛋白含量,促进了玉米氮素代谢。CCC配合低中施氮量(62.5和125 kg·hm^-2)条件下,JNK728和ZD909植株的含氮量平均分别增加17.6%和30.3%,籽粒含氮量分别增加10.3%和17.4%,氮肥偏生产力、氮肥农学效率、氮肥表观利用率和氮肥利用率分别较常规氮肥处理平均提高10.0%、15.7%、23.3%、24.8%和5.7%、15.0%、49.9%、71.7%。CCC配合适量氮肥全基施可以增强玉米氮素代谢,提高玉米氮素利用率和产量。在本研究中,CCC配合125 kg·hm^-2施氮量处理的夏玉米增产效果最佳。

关键词: 矮壮素, 氮肥, 夏玉米, 氮素利用率

Abstract: To clarify the effects of combined applications of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) and nitrogen fertilizer (CN) on nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize, we conducted a field experiment in Xinxiang experimental station of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2018 and 2019, with four nitrogen application rates (0, 62.5, 125 and 187.5 kg·hm^-2), and two maize varieties of Jingnongke 728 (JNK728) and Zhongdan 909 (ZD909). The results showed that across the two years CN-CCC increased maize yield by 7.7% and 5.0% under the nitrogen application rates of 62.5 kg·hm^-2 and 125 kg·hm^-2, respectively. CN-CCC increased the contents of nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthetase and soluble protein, and finally promoted nitrogen metabolism. Under the low and middle nitrogen application conditions (62.5 kg·hm^-2 and 125 kg·hm^-2), plant nitrogen content of JNK728 and ZD909 increased by 17.6% and 30.3%, grain nitrogen content increased by 10.3% and 17.4%, nitrogen partial productivity, agronomic efficiency of applied nitrogen, recovery efficiency of applied nitrogen, nitrogen use efficiency increased by 10.0%, 15.7%, 23.3%, 24.8% and 5.7%, 15.0%, 49.9%, 71.7%, respectively. In conclusion, appropriate basic application of CN-CCC could enhance nitrogen metabolism, increase nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of summer maize. Our results showed that CCC combined basic nitrogen application of 125 kg·hm^-2 had the best effect.

Key words: chlorocholine chloride, nitrogen fertilizer, summer maize, nitrogen use efficiency

马正波, 董学瑞, 房孟颖, 王琦, 闫鹏, 王庆燕, 卢霖, 董志强. 矮壮素配合氮肥全基施对华北夏玉米氮素利用的调控效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(3): 931-941.

MA Zheng-bo, DONG Xue-rui, FANG Meng-ying, WANG Qi, YAN Peng, WANG Qing-yan, LU Lin, DONG Zhi-qiang. Effects of basic application of chlorocholine chloride combined with nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use of summer maize in North China Plain[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(3): 931-941.

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矮壮素配合氮肥全基施对华北夏玉米氮素利用的调控效应

Effects of basic application of chlorocholine chloride combined with nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use of summer maize in North China Plain

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