不同时期开沟施氮对水稻物质生产及产量的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2002, Vol. ›› Issue (12): 1579-1581.

不同时期开沟施氮对水稻物质生产及产量的影响

史锟, 郝淑凤, 解宏图, 张旭东

中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 陆地生态过程重点实验室, 沈阳, 110016

收稿日期:2002-01-10 修回日期:2002-05-31
通讯作者: 史锟,男,1958年生,在读博士,副研究员,主要从事土壤与环境科学、植物营养学和作物栽培学研究,发表论文6篇.
基金资助:
中国科学院百人计划资助项目(C99AFBR000901)

Effects of applying nitrogen fertilizer at different stages in ploughed furrow on dry matter production and yield of rice

SHI Kun, HAO Shufeng, XIE Hongtu, ZHANG Xudong

Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016

Received:2002-01-10 Revised:2002-05-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过田间试验,研究了水稻不同生育时期开沟深施氮肥对水稻叶片、叶鞘和茎秆干重以及生物产量和籽粒产量的影响.结果表明,孕穗期开沟深施氮肥处理比分蘖期开沟、穗分化始期开沟和不开沟处理的水稻叶片干重保持最大值(2.9g/穴)时间长,叶面积指数达到最大值(LAI=8.9)后保持缓慢下降;叶鞘干重(2.7g/穴)变化小;处理以后茎秆干重(4.3g/穴)稳步增加.孕穗期开沟施肥处理的水稻生物产量(0.73g·d^-1/穴)递增速度快,籽粒产量(10434kg·hm^-2)高.与不开沟施肥相比,孕穗期开沟施氮对产量增加作用最大,为水稻开沟深施氮肥的最佳时期;其次为穗分化始期,分蘖期开沟施氮效果较差,但仍有一定的增产作用.

关键词: 水稻, 施肥方法, 氮肥, 干物质生产, 叶面积, 避难所, 物种分布模型, 分布变迁, 第四纪, 云杉属

Abstract: The effects of applying nitrogen fertilizer in ploughed furrow at different stages on dry matter production and yield of rice were studied in a field experiment in1999. The results showed that applying Nfertilizer at booting stage (BS) had better effects on dry weight (2.9 g·hill^-1) of leaf,stem and whole plant than at panicle primordia formation stage (PPFS),tillering stage (TS) and regular Nfertilization (RF). Meanwhile,the dry weight of leaf and sheath as well as the leaf area index (LAI,8.9) could be maintained at a high level for a relative long time in BStreatment,compared with PPFS,TSand RFtreatments. Similar phenomenon was observed in the growth velocity (0.73 g·d^-1 ·hill^-1) of stem and whole plant,and the dry weight (10434 kg·hm^-2) of seed. The grain yield of rice followed the sequence of BS≥PPFS>TS≥RF. Thus,the optimum stage of applying Nfertilizer in ploughed furrow was the booting stage.

Key words: Rice, Methods of fertilization, N fertilizer, Dry matter production, Leaf area, species distribution model, Quaternary, Picea, distribution and change, refugium

中图分类号:

S511

史锟, 郝淑凤, 解宏图, 张旭东. 不同时期开沟施氮对水稻物质生产及产量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (12): 1579-1581.

SHI Kun, HAO Shufeng, XIE Hongtu, ZHANG Xudong . Effects of applying nitrogen fertilizer at different stages in ploughed furrow on dry matter production and yield of rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (12): 1579-1581.

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