土壤水分对不同专用小麦后期光合特性及产量的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 83-87.

土壤水分对不同专用小麦后期光合特性及产量的影响

马新明¹, 熊淑萍¹, 李琳², 张娟娟¹, 何建国¹

1. 河南农业大学农学院, 郑州, 450002;
2. 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院, 北京, 100094

收稿日期:2003-12-24 修回日期:2004-05-07 出版日期:2005-01-15 发布日期:2005-01-15
通讯作者: 马新明,男,1963年生,博士,教授,主要从事作物生理生态与农业信息技术研究,发表论文54篇.E-mail:xinmingma@371.net
基金资助:
国家"863"项目(2001AA115380)和河南省高校科研人才创新工程基金资助项目(2002KJCXO5).

Effects of soil moisture on photosynthetic characteristics of different specialized end-uses winter wheat at their later growth stages and on their yields

MA Xinming¹, XIONG Shuping¹, LI Lin², ZHANG Juanjuan¹, HE Jianguo ¹

1. Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
2. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China

Received:2003-12-24 Revised:2004-05-07 Online:2005-01-15 Published:2005-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用盆栽方法,研究了土壤水分对专用小麦生育后期光合特性及产量的影响.结果表明,强筋小麦豫麦34旗叶叶绿素计读数(SPAD值)、PSⅡ活性(Fv/Fo)和PSⅡ最大光能转换效率(Fv/Fm)在土壤相对含水量60%(FC)的条件下最高,光化学猝灭系数(qP)、非光化学猝灭系数(qN)、有效电子传递速率(ETR)和传递的量子产率(Φ2)在80%FC下最高;高产小麦豫麦49旗叶SPAD值、qP、qN、ETR均以80%FC下最高,Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm和φ2受土壤水分影响不大;弱筋小麦豫麦0,除qN在80%FC下最低外,其余光合特性参数均以80%FC的条件下最高.豫麦34产量和蛋白质含量均以60%FC最高,且产量达极显著差异;豫麦49和豫麦0籽粒蛋白质含量以40%FC最高,籽粒产量以80%FC最高,且豫麦49产质差异均达显著水平,而豫麦0的产量差异达极显著水平.

关键词: 土壤水分, 专用小麦, 光合特性, 产量

Abstract: In this study,pot experiments with various cultivars of specialized end-uses winter wheat were carried out at Henan Agricultural University Research Station during 2001～2003.The results showed that as for cultivar Yumai 34,the values of its chlorophyll meter(SPAD),PSII activity (Fv/Fo) and maximal PSII light energy transformation efficiency (Fv/Fm) were the highest when soil moisture content was at 60% of field capacity (FC),but the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP),non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN),apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate(ETR) and the ratio of PSII photochemical quantum yield (Ф2) were all increased at 80% of FC.For high-yielding cultivar Yumai 49,its SPAD,qP,qN and ETR were higher at 80% of FC,but Fv/Fo,Fv/Fm and Ф2 were less affected by FC.For cultivar Yumai 50,the values of its photosynthetic characteristics were the highest at 80% of FC,except that the qN value was the lowest.The yield and the relative content of grain protein of cultivar Yumai 34 were also increased at 60% of FC.Furthermore,there was a significant difference among grain yields.The relative contents of grain protein of cultivars Yumai 49 and 50 were improved at 40% of FC,while the highest yields were obtained at 80% of FC.There were significant differences in the grain yields of Yumai 49 and 50 among different soil moisture treatments.

Key words: Soil moisture, Wheat with specialized end-uses, Photosynthetic characteristics, Yield

中图分类号:

S152.7

马新明, 熊淑萍, 李琳, 张娟娟, 何建国. 土壤水分对不同专用小麦后期光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(1): 83-87.

MA Xinming, XIONG Shuping, LI Lin, ZHANG Juanjuan, HE Jianguo . Effects of soil moisture on photosynthetic characteristics of different specialized end-uses winter wheat at their later growth stages and on their yields [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(1): 83-87.

参考文献

[1] Benzian B, et al. 1986. Protein concentration of grain in relation to some weather and soil factors during 17 years of English winterwheat experiment. J Sci Food Agric, 37:435～444
[2] Genty BE, Briantais JM, Baker NR. 1989. The relationship between the quantum yield of phostosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescene Biochim Biophys Acta, 990:87～92
[3] Krause GH, Weis E. 1991. ChlorophyⅡ fluorescence and photosynthesis. An n Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol, 42:313～349
[4] Li H-S (李合生). 2000. Principles and Techniques of Plant Physiological Biochemical Experiment. Baijing:Higher Education Press.(in Chinese)
[5] Li Y-H(李永华), Wang W(王玮), Ma Q-Q(马千全), et al.2003. The osmotic adjustment and photosynthesis of a wheat cultivar Hanfang 9703 with high yield drought resistance under drought stress. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 29(5):759～764(in Chinese)
[6] Maxwell K, Johnson GN. 2000. Chlorophyll fluorescence-A practical guide. J Exp Bot, 51 (345):659～668
[7] Peng Y(彭羽),Guo T-C(郭天才),Wang C-Y(王晨阳).2001.Effect of water control after anthesis on yield properties and photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat. J Triticeae Crops (麦类作物学报), 21(4):83～86
[8] Shan L(山仑), Xu M(徐萌). 1991. Water saving agriculture and its physio-ecological bases. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报),2(1):70～76(in Chinese)
[9] Turner NC, Kramer, PL, eds. 1998. Adaptation of Plants to Water and High Temperature Stress. New York:John Wiley & Sons. 7～20
[10] Van Kooten O, Snel JKH. 1990. The use of chlorophyll fluorescene nomenclature in plant physiology stress. Photosyn Res, 25:147～150
[11] Xiao C-W((肖春旺),Zhou G-S(周广胜).2001.Effect of simulated precipitation change on growth, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of Caragana intermedia in Maowusu sandland. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报), 12(5):692～696(in Chinese)
[12] Zhang Q-D(张其德),Jiang G-M(蒋高明), Zhu X-G(朱新广), et al. 2001. Photosynthetic capability of 12 genotypes of Triticum aestivum. Acta Phytoecol Sin (植物生态学报), 25(5):532～536(in Chinese)
[13] Zhang B-J(张宝军), Fan H-L (樊虎玲). 2002. Progress on the study of effect of environment conditions on wheat protein. Res Soil Water Conser (水土保持研究), 9 (2):61～63 (in Chinese)
[14] Zhang Q-D(张其德), Liu H-Q(刘合芹), Zhang J-H(张建华), et al.2000. Effects of limited irrigation on some photosynthetic functions of flag leaves in winter wheat. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报),26(6):869～873(in Chinese)
[15] Zhang Q-Y(张秋英), Li F-D(李发东), Liu M-Y(刘孟雨), et al.2003. Chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters of flag leaf of the wheat and seed grouting under different water treatments. Acta Agric Boreali Sin (华北农学报), 18(1):26～28(in Chinese)
[16] Zhang Q-Y(张秋英), Li F-D(李发东), Liu M-Y(刘孟雨), et al.2002. Effect of water stress on the photosynthesis of flag leaf of winter wheat. Agric Res Arid Areas (干旱地区农业研究), 20(3):80～84 (in Chinese)
[17] Zhang X-Y (张喜项), Pei D(裴冬), You M-Z (由懋正). 2000.Response of leaf water potential, photosynthesis and stomatal condutance to varying soil moisture in four crops:Winter wheat, corn,sorghum and millet. Acta Phytoecol Sin (植物生态学报), 24(3):280～283(in Chinese)