松嫩平原人工草地野大麦无性系构件的生物量结构及生产规律

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 野大麦属短根茎丛生型禾草,是典型的无性系植物.在松嫩平原生长季末期,野大麦无性系分株由抽茎的分蘖株和莲座状分蘖苗组成.按照分蘖节营养繁殖世代的龄级划分方法,建植2年人工草地野大麦无性系的分蘖株由3个龄级组成,分蘖苗由4个龄级组成,其生物量均呈增长型的龄级结构.在野大麦无性系的物质生产中,无论是分蘖株,还是分蘖苗,均以1龄级的单蘖生产力最高,并随着龄级的增高呈不同程度的下降.丛径是衡量野大麦无性系空间大小的重要数量指标.分株数量是衡量野大麦无性系生长的重要数量指标.经统计分析,野大麦无性系的分蘖株生物量、分蘖苗生物量、根茎生物量、总生物量分别与丛径和总分株数量之间均有极密切的正相关关系,其相关程度最佳的均为幂函数,其相关性均达到极显著水平(P<0.01).这些相同的函数变化表明,随无性系的空间扩展和数量增长,各构件具有相同的物质生产与积累规律.

关键词: 野大麦, 无性系植物, 构件, 生产力, 生物量, 年龄结构

Abstract: Hordeum brevisubulatum is a typical clonal plant of grass family with short rhizome.In the Songnen Plains of China,the ramets of the clones were made up of stemming tillers and rosette seedlings by the end of the growing season.According to age class of the vegetative generations of tiller node,the tillers of the clones were divided into three age classes,and the seedlings were divided into four age classes.The age structures of their biomass under cultivated condition for two years were all of expanding types.The productivities of the ramets,both of the tillers and of the seedlings in the 1st age class of the clones,were the highest,and decreased with the increasing age class by the end of the growing season.The diameter of the tufts was the important quantitative index to measure the special size of the clones,and the number of the ramets could be useful to measure the growth of the clones.Statistical results showed that the total biomass and the biomass of the tillers,seedlings and rhizomes were all increased by power function with the size of tuft diameters and the number of total ramets,and the correlations were all significant.

Key words: Hordeum brevisubulatum, Clone plant, Module, Productivity, Biomass, Age structure

中图分类号:

Q945.3
Q948

杨允菲, 张宝田. 松嫩平原人工草地野大麦无性系构件的生物量结构及生产规律[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (8): 1378-1382.

YANG Yunfei, ZHANG Baotian. Biomass structure and production pattern of Hordeum brevisubulatum clonal modules under cultivated condition in the Songnen Plains[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (8): 1378-1382.

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