目标树经营对兴安落叶松林土壤胞外酶活性和真菌群落结构的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.004

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 2009-2018.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.004

目标树经营对兴安落叶松林土壤胞外酶活性和真菌群落结构的影响

刘宁宁¹, 董慧², 王守涛³, 郝景祥³, 杨立学^1*

¹东北林业大学林学院, 国家林业草原局东北乡土树种工程技术研究中心, 森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040;
²辽宁省林业发展服务中心, 沈阳 110031;
³黑龙江伊春森工集团有限责任公司, 黑龙江伊春 153099

收稿日期:2025-03-11 接受日期:2025-05-09 出版日期:2025-07-18 发布日期:2026-01-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: yanglixue@nefu.edu.cn
作者简介:刘宁宁, 女, 1999年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事森林培育研究。E-mail: 2735877015@qq.com
基金资助:
中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(黑[2024]TG02号)

Effect of target tree management on soil extracellular enzyme activities and fungal community structure in Larix gmelinii stands

LIU Ningning¹, DONG Hui², WANG Shoutao³, HAO Jingxiang³, YANG Lixue^1*

¹Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Northeast Native Tree Species-National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
²Liaoning Forestry Development Service Center, Shenyang 110031, China;
³Heilongjiang Yichun Forestry Industry Group Co. Ltd., Yichun 153099, Heilongjiang, China

Received:2025-03-11 Accepted:2025-05-09 Online:2025-07-18 Published:2026-01-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目标树经营可以调整林分结构,缓解林木竞争,改善土壤质量。本研究采用高通量测序技术,以兴安落叶松天然林为对照,探究兴安落叶松人工林目标树经营和非目标树经营林地土壤真菌群落特征,分析土壤真菌群落结构与土壤理化性质、土壤胞外酶的关系。结果表明: 与天然林相比,目标树经营林分降低了林分密度,而土壤全碳、全氮、硝态氮含量分别显著增加33.2%、58.5%、38.4%;与非目标树经营林分相比,目标树经营林分的土壤全碳、全氮、硝态氮含量分别显著增加0.3%、14.8%、10.0%。与天然林和非目标树经营林分相比,目标树经营林分土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶活性分别显著增加13.6%和37.0%,酸性磷酸酶活性分别显著增加37.3%和39.5%。目标树经营林分提高了土壤真菌群落的α多样性,改善了土壤真菌群落物种组成和功能类群。与天然林和非目标树经营林分相比,目标树经营林分的土壤被孢霉门相对丰度分别显著增加200.0%和8.3%。冗余分析表明,土壤硝态氮含量、C∶N以及β-葡萄糖苷酶活性是影响土壤真菌群落的主要因子。目标树经营通过降低林分郁闭度,调整林内光照条件,进而提高土壤含水量、养分含量和胞外酶活性,最终改善土壤真菌群落结构。

关键词: 目标树经营, 土壤胞外酶, 土壤真菌, 高通量测序

Abstract: Target tree management can adjust stand structure, alleviate tree competition, and improve soil quality. Taking Larix gmelinii natural forest as the control, we explored the characteristics of soil fungal communities by high-throughput sequencing technology and investigated the relationships among fungal communities, physicochemical properties, and soil extracellular enzyme activities of L. gmelinii plantations managed by the target tree and that not managed by the target tree. The results showed that compared with natural forest, target tree management reduced stand density and significantly increased the contents of total carbon, total nitrogen and nitrate by 33.2%, 58.5% and 38.4%, respectively. Compared with non-target tree management stand, the contents of total carbon, total nitrogen, and nitrate in target tree management stands significantly increased by 0.3%, 14.8% and 10.0%, respectively. Compared with natural forest and non-target tree management stand, the β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase activities in target tree management stands significantly increased by 13.6% and 37.0%, 37.3% and 39.5%, respectively. Target tree management enhanced α diversity of soil fungal community, altered species composition and functional groups of fungal community. The relative abundance of Mortierellomycota significantly increased by 200.0% and 8.3% in target tree management stand compared with the natural forest and non-managed stand of the target trees. Redundancy analysis indicated that soil nitrate content, C:N and β-glucosidase activity were the main factors affecting soil fungal community. Target tree management ultimately improved soil fungal community structure by reducing stand canopy density, adjusting light conditions, and then increasing soil water content, nutrient contents, and extracellular enzyme activities.

Key words: target tree management, soil extracellular enzyme, soil fungi, high-throughput sequencing

刘宁宁, 董慧, 王守涛, 郝景祥, 杨立学. 目标树经营对兴安落叶松林土壤胞外酶活性和真菌群落结构的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(7): 2009-2018.

LIU Ningning, DONG Hui, WANG Shoutao, HAO Jingxiang, YANG Lixue. Effect of target tree management on soil extracellular enzyme activities and fungal community structure in Larix gmelinii stands[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(7): 2009-2018.

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目标树经营对兴安落叶松林土壤胞外酶活性和真菌群落结构的影响

Effect of target tree management on soil extracellular enzyme activities and fungal community structure in Larix gmelinii stands

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