高铜、高锌猪粪对蚯蚓的急性毒性效应研究

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (8): 1527-1530.

高铜、高锌猪粪对蚯蚓的急性毒性效应研究

贾秀英¹, 罗安程², 李喜梅¹

1. 杭州师范学院生命科学学院, 杭州 310036;
2. 浙江大学环境与资源学院, 杭州 310029

收稿日期:2004-07-02 修回日期:2004-11-26 出版日期:2005-08-15 发布日期:2005-08-15
通讯作者: 贾秀英,女,1966年生,教授.主要从事生态毒理学研究,发表论文25篇.Tel:0571-28865328;E-mail:XY-Jia@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省动物学重点扶植学科资助项目.

Acute toxicological effects of excessive Cu and Zn-containing in pig manure on earthworm

JIA Xiuying¹, LUO Ancheng², LI Ximei ¹

1. School of Life Science, Hangzhou Normal College, Hangzhou 310036, China;
2. Department of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China

Received:2004-07-02 Revised:2004-11-26 Online:2005-08-15 Published:2005-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 测定了高Cu、高Zn猪粪条件下Cu、Zn单一与复合污染对蚯蚓的急性致死及亚致死效应.结果表明,Cu、Zn浓度与蚯蚓死亡率显著正相关(a=0.05,r_Cu=0.99,r_Zn=0.99),与体重增长率显著负相关(a=0.05,r_Cu=-0.99,r_Zn=-0.96).蚯蚓个体对Cu、Zn的耐受程度不同,其毒性阈值(引起蚯蚓个体死亡浓度)分别为:Cu250mg·kg^-1、Zn400mg·kg^-1.LD₅₀分别为:Cu646.68mg·kg^-1、Zn947.38mg·kg^-1.复合污染情况下,Cu浓度为250、500mg·kg^-1时,Cu、Zn复合污染表现为协同效应;Cu浓度为750mg·kg^-1时,Cu、Zn复合污染表现为拮抗效应,可见,猪粪中Cu、Zn复合污染的毒性效应与各组浓度组合密切相关.

关键词: 猪粪, 重金属, 蚯蚓, 急性毒性

Abstract: Cu and Zn are popularly used as additives in animal feed in China,which could result in their excessive accumulation in manure to a toxic level,and thus,possibly threaten the environment when the manure is applied to farmland.In this paper,the acute and sub-acute lethal effects of pig manure with excessive Cu and Zn on earthworm were studied,and the results indicated that the concentration of Cu and Zn in pig manure had a significantly positive correlation with the mortality of earthworm,while a significantly negative correlation with earthworm growth rate.The individuals of earthworm had different tolerance to excessive Cu and Zn,with the threshold values causing death being 250 mg穔g^-1 and 400 mg穔g^-1for Cu and Zn,respectively.The LD₅₀ was 646.68 mg穔g^-1 for Cu,and 947.38 mg穔g^-1 for Zn.A strong synergistic effect was observed under the combined pollution of 250 mg穔g^-1 for Cu and 500 mg穔g^-1 for Zn,whereas antagonistic effect happened when 750 mg穔g^-1 for Cu was supplied,suggesting that the joint toxic effects of Cu and Zn on earthworm were closely correlated to their concentrations in pig manure.

Key words: Pig manure, Heavy metal, Earthworm, Acute toxicity

中图分类号:

X174

贾秀英, 罗安程, 李喜梅. 高铜、高锌猪粪对蚯蚓的急性毒性效应研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(8): 1527-1530.

JIA Xiuying, LUO Ancheng, LI Ximei . Acute toxicological effects of excessive Cu and Zn-containing in pig manure on earthworm[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(8): 1527-1530.

参考文献

[1] Chen Y-C(陈玉成),Pi G-J(皮广洁),Huang L-K(黄伦克),et al.Factor optimization for municipal domestic wastes treatment by earthworms and its concentration of heavy metals.chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),14(11):2006～2010(in Chinese)
[2] Deng J-F(邓继福),Wang Z-Z(王振中),Zhang Y-M(张友梅),et al.1996.Studies on monitoring heavy metl pollution by soil animal community.Environ Sci(环境科学),17(2):2～5(in Chinese)
[3] Guo Y-C(郭永灿),Wan Z-Z(王振中),Lai Q(来奇),et al.1995.Soil heavy metal pollution and earthworms isozyme.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),6(3):317～322(in Chinese)
[4] Guo Y-C(郭永灿),Wang Z-Z(王振中),Zhang Y-M(张友梅),et al.1996.Studies on toxicity and toxicology of heavy metals to earthworms in polluted soils.Chin J Appl Environ Biol(应用与环境生物学报),2(1):132～140(in Chinese)
[5] L' Herroux L,Le Roux S,Appriou P,et al.1997.Behavior of metals following intensive pig slurry applications to a natural field treatment process in Brittany(France).Environ Poll,97(1～2):119～130
[6] Ling J-D(梁继东),Zhou Q-X(周启星).2003.Single and binarycombined toxicity of methamidophos,acetochlor and Cu on earthworm Eisenia foetida.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),14(4):593～596(in Chinese)
[7] Mullins GL,Martens DC,Miller WP,et al.1982.Copper availability,form,and mobility in soils from three annual copper-enriched hog manure applications.J Environ Qual,11(2):316～320
[8] Miller WP,Martens DC,Zelazny LW,et al.1986.Forms of solid phase copper in copper-enriched swine manure.J Environ Qual,15(1):69～72
[9] Payne GG,Mrtens DC,Kornegay ET,et al.1988.Availability and forn of copper in three soils following eight annual applications of copper-enriched swine manure.J Environ Qual,17:740～746
[10] Qiu J-P(邱江平).2000.Earthworms and their application in environment protection.J Shanghai Agric Coll(上海农学院学报),18(1):53～58(in Chinese)
[11] Spurgeona DJ,Hopkinb SP.1999.Comparisons of metal accumulation and excretion kinetics in earthworms(Eisenia fetida)exposed to contaminated field and laboratory soils.Appl Soil Ecol,11:227～243
[12] Spurgeona DJ,Hopkinb SP.1999.Tolerance to zinc in populations of the earthworm Lumbricus rubellus from uncontaminated and metal-contaminated ecosystems.Arch Environ Contam Toxicol,37(3):332～337
[13] Song Y-F(宋玉芳),Zhou Q-X(周启星),Xu X-H(许夏华),et al.2002.Acute toxicological effects of heavy metal pollution in soils on earthworms.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),13(2):187～190(in Chinese)
[14] Tian Y-B(田允波),Zeng S-Q(曾书琴).2000.Research advance of improving production performance of pigs by high copper and its growth promoting mechanism.Cereal Feed Indus(粮食与饲料工业),10:31～33(in Chinese)
[15] Wang Z-Z(王振中),Zhang Y-M(张友梅),Hu J-L(胡觉莲),et al.1994.Effect of heavy metals in soil on earthworms(Opisthopora).Acta Sci Circ(环境科学学报),4(2):236～243(in Chinese)
[16] Xing T-X(邢廷铣).2001.Animal husbandry production pollution.Yunnan Environ Sci(云南环境科学),20(1):39～43(in Chinese)
[17] Yang D-Q(杨定清),Fu S-Q(傅绍清).2000.Effect of application of pig dung with high Zn on soil contamination.Sichuan Environ(四川环境),19(2):30～33(in Chinese)
[18] Yu X-M(俞协治),Chen J-M(成杰民).2003.Effect of earthworm on bio-availability of Cu and Cd in soils.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),23(5):922～928(in Chinese)
[19] Zhou Q-X(周启星).1995.Ecology of Combined Pollution.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press.100～107(in Chinese)
[20] Zhuo S-M(卓少明).2003.Thoughts on treating agricultural waste using earthworms in Hainan.Chin J Trop Agric(热带农业科学),23(5):22～26(in Chinese)