三北地区杨树杂交后代‘沙新杨’系列苗期抗旱性综合评价

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202601.006

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 24-32.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202601.006

三北地区杨树杂交后代‘沙新杨’系列苗期抗旱性综合评价

高雯珊¹, 徐创军², 谷旭阳¹, 聂楚妍¹, 张雨童¹, 王志刚³, 刘建凤^1*

¹河北大学生命科学学院/生物互作基础学科研究中心, 河北保定 071002;
²巴彦淖尔市农田建设服务中心, 内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015000;
³中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心, 内蒙古磴口 015200

收稿日期:2025-09-25 修回日期:2025-11-05 发布日期:2026-07-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: jianfengliu@hbu.edu.cn
作者简介:高雯珊, 女, 1999年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事植物逆境胁迫研究。E-mail: 2258717629@qq.com
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024JBGS0002)和国家自然科学基金项目(32271891)

Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance in seedlings of the Populus ‘Shaxin’ series (hybrid progeny of poplars) in the Three-North Region, China

GAO Wenshan¹, XU Chuangjun², GU Xuyang¹, NIE Chu-yan¹, ZHANG Yutong¹, WANG Zhigang³, LIU Jianfeng^1*

¹School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China;
²Bayannur Farmland Construction Service Center, Bayannur 015000, Inner Mongolia, China;
³Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou 015200, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2025-09-25 Revised:2025-11-05 Published:2026-07-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为选育适于三北地区栽植的抗旱杨树新品种,本研究以强抗旱弱抗虫的新疆杨与弱抗旱强抗虫的沙林杨为杂交亲本,以其杂交后代‘沙新2号’‘沙新3号’‘沙新4-1号’为研究对象,父母本为对照,在日光温室(昼温25～28 ℃、夜温18～20 ℃,相对湿度60%～70%,光合有效辐射800～1000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)中培养,在为期21 d的人工控水干旱胁迫下,比较各品种苗期的解剖结构、生理生化特性及光合参数变化。结果表明: 沙新4-1号幼茎表皮厚度与新疆杨无显著差异,且显著高于其他品种。经21 d干旱处理,沙新2号因失水快、膜系统受损严重而枯死,其余品种虽出现萎蔫但仍存活;新疆杨叶片相对含水量从89.4%降至50.4%,沙新4-1号从91.6%降至42.5%,同时二者相对电导率的升幅也最低,分别为100.7%和115.3%,表明膜受损程度最轻。新疆杨与沙新4-1号在干旱7 d即启动气孔关闭,21 d时光合速率降幅显著低于沙林杨。综合认为,‘沙新杨’系列抗旱性强弱依次为沙新4-1号>沙新3号>沙新2号,其中沙新4-1号抗旱性接近父本新疆杨,具备作为三北干旱地区防护林主栽杨树品种的潜力。

关键词: 沙新杨, 干旱胁迫, 解剖结构, 生理生化特性, 光合特性, 抗旱性评价

Abstract: To breed new drought-resistant poplar varieties suitable for the Three-North Region, we used Populus alba var. pyramidalis (PaP) (with strong drought resistance but weak insect resistance) and P. deltoids ‘Shalin-yang’ (PdS) (with weak drought resistance but strong insect resistance) as hybrid parents. We cultivated their hybrid progenies P. ‘Shaxin 2’ (PdSPaP_2), P. ‘Shaxin 3’ (PdSPaP_3), and P. ‘Shaxin 4-1’ (PdSPaP_4) as research objects, with the parents as controls in the solar greenhouse (day temperature: 25-28 ℃, night temperature: 18-20 ℃, relative humidity: 60%-70%, photosynthetically active radiation: 800-1000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1). After a 21-day artificial drought stress, the changes in anatomical structure, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and photosynthetic parameters of each variety at the seedling stage were compared. The results showed that the epidermal thickness of young stems of PdSPaP_4 was not significantly different from that of PaP, but significantly higher than that of other varieties. After 21 days of drought, PdSPaP_2 died due to rapid water loss and severe damage in the membrane system, while the other varieties, though showing wilting, remained alive. Leaf relative water content (RWC) of PaP decreased from 89.4% to 50.4%, and that of PdSPaP_4 decreased from 91.6% to 42.5%. The two varieties had the lowest increase rates in relative electrical conductivity (REC), indicating the least membrane damage. PaP and PdSPaP_4 initiated stomatal closure on the 7th day of drought, and the decrease rate of their photosynthetic rate on the 21st day was significantly lower than that of PdS. In conclusion, drought resistance of the P. ‘Shaxin’ series was ranked as: PdSPaP_4 > PdSPaP_3 > PdSPaP_2. PdSPaP_4 had drought resistance close to that of its male parent (PaP) and thus has the potential to be used as the main poplar variety for shelterbelt construction in the arid areas of the Three-North Region.

Key words: Populus ‘Shaxin’, drought stress, anatomical structure, physiological and biochemical characteristic, photosynthetic characteristic, drought resistance evaluation

高雯珊, 徐创军, 谷旭阳, 聂楚妍, 张雨童, 王志刚, 刘建凤. 三北地区杨树杂交后代‘沙新杨’系列苗期抗旱性综合评价[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(1): 24-32.

GAO Wenshan, XU Chuangjun, GU Xuyang, NIE Chu-yan, ZHANG Yutong, WANG Zhigang, LIU Jianfeng. Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance in seedlings of the Populus ‘Shaxin’ series (hybrid progeny of poplars) in the Three-North Region, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(1): 24-32.

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三北地区杨树杂交后代‘沙新杨’系列苗期抗旱性综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance in seedlings of the Populus ‘Shaxin’ series (hybrid progeny of poplars) in the Three-North Region, China

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