全膜覆土下施有机肥对春小麦旗叶碳氮比、光合特性和产量的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.029

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 3749-3757.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.029

全膜覆土下施有机肥对春小麦旗叶碳氮比、光合特性和产量的影响

尹嘉德, 侯慧芝, 张绪成^*, 王红丽, 于显枫, 方彦杰, 马一凡, 张国平, 雷康宁

甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所, 兰州 730070

收稿日期:2020-06-22 接受日期:2020-09-01 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2021-06-10
通讯作者: * E-mail: gszhangxuch@163.com
作者简介:尹嘉德, 男, 1992年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事旱地作物资源高效利用研究。E-mail: yinjiade@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200403)、国家自然科学基金项目(31560355)、甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新专项(2017GAAS27)和甘肃省重点研发计划项目(18YF1WA092)资助

Effects of organic fertilizer application on flag leaf C/N ratio, photosynthetic characteristics and yield of spring wheat with full plastic film mulching

YIN Jia-de, HOU Hui-zhi, ZHANG Xu-cheng^*, WANG Hong-li, YU Xian-feng, FANG Yan-jie, MA Yi-fan, ZHANG Guo-ping, LEI Kang-ning

Institute of Dry-land Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2020-06-22 Accepted:2020-09-01 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2021-06-10
Contact: * E-mail: gszhangxuch@163.com
Supported by:
the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0200403), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31560355), the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2017GAAS27), and the Key Research and Development Program of Gansu Province (18YF1WA092).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 于2016和2017年,以春小麦品种‘陇春27'为试验材料,在甘肃省中部半干旱雨养农业区设置定位试验,分析全膜覆土平作穴播(PMS)、全膜覆土平作穴播+有机肥(PMO)、裸地平作穴播(CK)3个处理春小麦抽穗至灌浆阶段土壤水分与群体冠层温度、净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(g_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、旗叶C/N、旗叶全氮之间的相互关系,探讨不同处理对产量及其构成要素的影响。结果表明: 施用有机肥可提高小麦生育中后期土壤含水量,PMO抽穗至灌浆阶段0～300 cm土层土壤贮水量较PMS和CK分别提高4.6%和8.5%,群体冠层温度分别降低0.1～1.3 ℃和1.4～4.9 ℃,P_n分别提高9.3%和29.7%,g_s分别提高30.9%和103.8%,T_r分别提高5.1%和55.0%,全氮含量分别提高6.6%和18.9%,C/N分别降低6.4%和22.8%。收获后,PMO较PMS和CK显著促进穗粒数和千粒重增加,籽粒产量分别提高9.1%和53.7%。抽穗至灌浆阶段旗叶P_n和g_s与C/N呈负相关性;C/N与籽粒产量呈显著负相关。因此,半干旱区全膜覆土穴播条件下施有机肥可提高春小麦抽穗至灌浆阶段土壤含水量,促进旗叶光合作用,有利于降低生理干旱胁迫强度和旗叶氮吸收同化限制,促进穗粒数和粒重增加,使产量提升。

关键词: 全膜覆土, 有机肥, 土壤水分, 光合特性, 旗叶碳氮比

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted in the rain-fed semi-arid region of central Gansu in 2016 and 2017, with the treatments 1) hill-drop flat planting with full plastic film mulching (PMS), 2) hill-drop flat planting with full plastic film mulching plus organic fertilizers (PMO), and 3) hill-drop flat planting without soil mulching (CK). We investigated the relations among soil moisture, photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (g_s) and transpiration rate (T_r), C/N ratio, and total nitrogen of flag leaf from the heading stage to the seed-filling stage in different treatments to probe into their effects on the yield and yield components of spring wheat variety ‘Longchun 27'. The results showed that organic fertilizer application could increase soil moisture at the middle and late growth stages of spring wheat. PMO increased soil water storage in 0-300 cm depth from the heading stage to the seed filling stage by 4.6% and 8.5%, decreased population canopy temperature by 0.1-1.3 ℃ and 1.4-4.9 ℃, increased net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf by 9.3% and 29.7%, stomatal conductance by 30.9% and 103.8%, transpiration rate by 5.1% and 55.0%, total nitrogen content by 6.6% and 18.9%, and decreased C/N ratio by 6.4% and 22.8%, respectively. Compared with PMS and CK, PMO significantly improved grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight, and increased grain yield by 9.1% and 53.7%, respectively. From the heading stage to filling stage, the P_n and g_s of flag leaf had negative correlation with C/N, while C/N was negatively correlated with grain yield. Consequently, PMO could improve soil water storage and promote photosynthesis of flag leaf, reduce the intensity of physiological drought stress and the limitations of nitrogen absorption and assimilation in flag leaf from the heading stage to the seed-filling stage, and increase grain number and grain weight and consequently the yield of spring wheat in semi-arid region.

Key words: full plastic film mulching, organic fertilizer, soil moisture, photosynthetic characteristics, flag leaf C/N ratio

尹嘉德, 侯慧芝, 张绪成, 王红丽, 于显枫, 方彦杰, 马一凡, 张国平, 雷康宁. 全膜覆土下施有机肥对春小麦旗叶碳氮比、光合特性和产量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(11): 3749-3757.

YIN Jia-de, HOU Hui-zhi, ZHANG Xu-cheng, WANG Hong-li, YU Xian-feng, FANG Yan-jie, MA Yi-fan, ZHANG Guo-ping, LEI Kang-ning. Effects of organic fertilizer application on flag leaf C/N ratio, photosynthetic characteristics and yield of spring wheat with full plastic film mulching[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(11): 3749-3757.

参考文献

[1] 肖国举, 王静. 黄土高原集水农业研究进展. 生态学报, 2003, 23(5): 1003-1011 [Xiao G-J, Wang J. Research on progress of rainwater harvesting agriculture on the Loess Plateau of China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2003, 23(5): 1003-1011]
[2] 杨艳昭, 封志明, 林耀明. 甘肃省小麦水分平衡及其时空分布模式. 地理研究, 2005, 24(6): 853-859 [Yang Y-Z, Feng Z-M, Lin Y-M. Wheat water balance and its distribution in Gansu Province. Geographic Research, 2005, 24(6): 853-859]
[3] 史晓霞. 黄土高原半干旱区主要作物生育期土壤水分变化. 干旱气象, 2011, 29(4): 461-465 [Shi X-X. Variations of soil moisture during the growth phase of main crops in semi-arid region in Gansu. Journal of Arid Meteorology, 2011, 29(4): 461-465]
[4] 侯慧芝, 吕军峰, 郭天文, 等. 旱地全膜覆土穴播对春小麦耗水、产量和土壤水分平衡的影响. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(22): 4392-4404 [Hou H-Z, Lyu J-F, Guo T-W, et al. Effects of whole field soil-plastic mulching on spring wheat water consumption, yield, and soil water balance in semiarid region. Scientia Agricul-tura Sinica, 2014, 47(22): 4392-4404]
[5] 王俊, 李凤民, 宋秋华, 等. 地膜覆盖对土壤水温和春小麦产量形成的影响. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(2): 205-210 [Wang J, Li F-M, Song Q-H, et al. Effects of plastic film mulching on soil temperature and moisture and on yield formation of spring wheat. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, 14(2): 205-210]
[6] 侯慧芝, 高世铭, 张绪成, 等. 旱地全膜覆土穴播春小麦的耗水特征及其对产量的影响. 水土保持学报, 2017, 31(1): 202-210 [Hou H-Z, Gao S-M, Zhang X-C, et al. Effects of soil-plastic mulching on water consumption characteristics and grain yield of spring wheat in semiarid region. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 31(1): 202-210]
[7] Ashraf M, Harris PJC. Photosynthesis under stressful environments: An overview. Photosynthetica, 2013, 51: 163-190
[8] 董宝娣, 刘会灵, 王亚凯, 等. 作物高效用水生理生态调控机制研究. 中国生态农业学报, 2018, 26(10): 1465-1475 [Dong B-D, Liu H-L, Wang Y-K, et al. Physio-ecological regulating mechanisms for highly efficient water use of crops. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2018, 26(10): 1465-1475]
[9] 金永焕, 李敦求, 姜好相. 不同土壤水分对赤松光合作用与水分利用效率的影响研究. 中国生态农业学报, 2007, 15(1): 71-74 [Jin Y-H, Li D-Q, Jiang H-X. Photosynthetic characteristics and water use efficiency of Pinus densiflora under different soil moisture conditions. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2007, 15(1): 71-74]
[10] Liu HS, Li FM. Photosynthesis, root respiration, and grain yield of spring wheat in response to surface soil drying. Plant Growth Regulation, 2005, 45: 149-154
[11] Luo HH, Yong HH, Zhang YL. Effects of water stress and rewatering on photosynthesis, root activity, and yield of cotton with drip irrigation under mulch. Photosynthetica, 2016, 54: 65-73
[12] 卢毅军, 王华胜, 葛滢, 等. 土壤水分对华荠苧光合生理生态特性影响的研究. 中国生态农业学报, 2007, 15(1): 67-70 [Lu Y-J, Wang H-S, Ge Y, et al. Influence of soil moisture on photosynthetic physioecological properties of Mosta chinensis. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2007, 15(1): 67-70]
[13] Balta M, Rudd J, Payne WA. Canopy temperature depression as a potential selection criterion for drought resistance in wheat. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2005, 4: 793-800
[14] 孙浩, 黄华国, 解潍嘉, 等. 基于土壤冠层组分温差监测侧柏蒸腾速率的研究. 中南林业调查规划, 2016, 35(1): 34-45 [Sun H, Huang H-G, Xie W-J, et al. Study on transpiration monitoring of Platycladus orientals (L.) Franco based on soil-canopy surface component temperature difference. Central South Forest Inventory and Planning, 2016, 35(1): 34-45]
[15] 袁国富, 唐登银, 罗毅, 等. 基于冠层温度的作物缺水研究进展. 地球科学进展, 2001, 16(1): 49-54 [Yuan G-F, Tang D-Y, Luo Y, et al. Advances in canopy-temperature-based crop water stress research. Advances in Earth Science, 2001, 16(1): 49-54]
[16] 戴明宏, 赵久然, 杨国航, 等. 不同生态区和不同品种玉米的源库关系及碳氮代谢. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(8): 1585-1595 [Dai M-H, Zhao J-R, Yang G-H, et al. Source-sink relationship and carbon-nitrogen metabolism of maize in different ecological regions and varieties. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2011, 44(8): 1585-1595]
[17] Ferrario-Méry S, Foyer CH, Valadier MH. Overexpression of nitrate reductase in tobacco delays drought-induced decreases in nitrate reductase activity and mRNA. Plant Physiology, 1998, 117: 293-302
[18] Xu ZZ, Zhou GS. Nitrogen metabolism and photosynthesis in Leymus chinensis in response to long-term soil drought. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2006, 25: 252-266
[19] 李明雨, 黄文广, 杨君珑, 等. 宁夏草原植物叶片氮磷化学计量特征及其驱动因素. 草业学报, 2019, 28(2): 23-32 [Li M-Y, Huang W-G, Yang J-L, et al. Factors influencing leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichio-metry in plant species of Ningxia grasslands. Acta Pra-taculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(2): 23-32]
[20] 尹嘉德, 侯慧芝, 张绪成. 增施有机肥对全膜覆土穴播春小麦水分利用和产量的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2019, 39(2): 179-185 [Yin J-D, Hou H-Z, Zhang X-C. Effect of organic fertilizer application on water application and yield of spring wheat under whole field soil-plastic mulching. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2019, 39(2): 179-185]
[21] 王荣萍, 李淑仪, 廖新荣, 等. 水产加工废物生产多肽有机肥对豇豆生长和土壤物理性质的影响. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(31): 233-238 [Wang R-P, Li S-Y, Liao X-R, et al. Effects of polypeptides organic compound fertilizer from fish processing byproducts on growth and physical properties of Vigna sinensis (L.) Savi. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2011, 27(31): 233-238]
[22] 王金强, 李欢, 刘庆, 等. 干旱胁迫对甘薯苗期根系分化和生理特性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(9): 3155-3163 [Wang J-Q, Li H, Liu Q, et al. Effects of drought stress on root development and physiological characteristics of sweet potato at seedling stage. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(9): 3155-3163]
[23] 李磊, 吴永彬, 倪建中, 等. 干旱胁迫对3种野牡丹科植株形态和生理特性的影响. 广东农业科学, 2017, 44(6): 49-56 [Li L, Wu Y-B, Ni J-Z, et al. Effects of drought stress on morphology and physiological characteristics of three Melastomataceae species. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 44(6): 49-56]
[24] 金善宝. 中国小麦生态. 北京: 科学出版社, 1991: 31-35 [Jin S-B. Research on Wheat Ecology in China. Beijing: Science Press, 1991: 31-35]
[25] Burgess SSO, Adams MA, Turner NC, et al. The redistribution of soil water by tree root systems. Oecologia, 1998, 115: 306-311
[26] 于文颖, 纪瑞鹏, 冯锐, 等. 不同生育期玉米叶片光合特性及水分利用效率对水分胁迫的响应. 生态学报, 2015, 35(9): 2902-2909 [Yu W-Y, Ji R-P, Feng R, et al. Response of water stress on photosynthe-tic characteristics and water use efficiency of maize leaves in different growth stage. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(9): 2902-2909]
[27] 吕金印, 山仑, 高俊凤, 等. 干旱对小麦灌浆期旗叶光合等生理特性的影响. 干旱地区农业研究, 2003, 21(2): 77-81 [Lyu J-Y, Shan L, Gao J-F, et al. Effect of drought stress on photosynthesis and some other physiological characteristics in flag leaf during grain filling of wheat. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2003, 21(2): 77-81]
[28] Reich PB, Oleksyn J. Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and latitude. Procee-dings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004, 101: 11001-11006
[29] Zhang Z, Song X, Lu X, et al. Ecological stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in estuarine wetland soils: Influences of vegetation coverage, plant communities, geomorphology, and seawalls. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2013, 13: 1043-1051
[30] Chen D, Wang S, Xiong B, et al. Carbon/nitrogen imbalance associated with drought-induced leaf senescence in sorghum bicolor. PLoS One, 2015, 10(8): 1-17
[31] Cutler SR, Rodriguez PL, Finkelstein, RR, et al. Abscisic acid: Emergence of a core signaling network. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2010, 61: 651-679
[32] Garcia NS, Bonachela JA, Martiny AC, et al. Interactions between growth-dependent changes in cell size, nutrient supply and cellular elemental stoichiometry of marine Synechococcus. The ISME Journal, 2016, 10: 2715-2724
[33] 葛顺峰, 许海港, 季萌萌, 等. 土壤碳氮比对平邑甜茶幼苗生长和碳氮分配的影响. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(10): 942-949 [Ge S-F, Xu H-G, Ji M-M, et al. Effects of soil C:N on growth and distribution of nitrogen and carbon of Malus hupehensis seedlings. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013, 37(10): 942-949]
[34] 张国平, 周伟军. 作物栽培学. 杭州: 浙江大学出版社, 2016 [Zhang G-P, Zhou W-J. Crop Production. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press, 2016]

全膜覆土下施有机肥对春小麦旗叶碳氮比、光合特性和产量的影响

Effects of organic fertilizer application on flag leaf C/N ratio, photosynthetic characteristics and yield of spring wheat with full plastic film mulching

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	苑淑媛, 张鹏, 沈海龙. 天然更新红松苗针叶光合和解剖特性对不同郁闭环境的响应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(9): 2314-2320.
[2]	吴绍雄, 张勇勇, 赵文智, 康文蓉, 田子晗. 基于COSMIC模型的宇宙射线中子反演荒漠-绿洲区土壤水分 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(9): 2445-2452.
[3]	冷寒冰, 万宁海, 刘群录. 香樟冠层光环境对叶片功能性状和光合特性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(8): 2113-2122.
[4]	明姣, 杨光, 赵允格, 马昕昕, 孙会, 乔羽. 放牧对降雨条件下黄土高原退耕草地土壤水分补给的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(6): 1555-1562.
[5]	张鑫, 马迎杰, 齐边斌, 于波, 吕德国, 秦嗣军. 独脚金内酯类似物GR24对山定子幼苗低氮胁迫的缓解作用 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(6): 1592-1600.
[6]	南益聪, 杨永刚, 王泽青, 周杨, 苏巧梅. 煤矸石对矿区土壤特性与植物生长的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(5): 1253-1262.
[7]	陆欣春, 范欣欣, 邹文秀, 严君, 陈旭, 韩晓增, 邓维娜. 肥沃耕层构建对白浆土土壤肥力和玉米产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(4): 883-891.
[8]	江尚焘, 栗晗, 彭海英, 梅新兰, 陈廷速, 徐阳春, 董彩霞, 沈其荣. 有机肥替代部分化肥对芒果丛枝菌根真菌群落的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(2): 481-490.
[9]	刘希港, 李楠, 季托, 周波, 魏珉, 李静, 杨凤娟. 微生物菌剂和玉米蛋白酵素对番茄叶片生理特性和产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(11): 3039-3044.
[10]	孔令英, 赵俊晔, 张振, 石玉, 于振文. 宽幅播种下基本苗密度对小麦旗叶光合特性及叶片和根系衰老的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(1): 107-113.
[11]	邓亚琴, 徐智, 张勇, 王宇蕴. 土壤微生物生物量氮对不同腐熟度有机肥的响应及对土壤矿质氮的调控作用 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(1): 137-144.
[12]	谷康民, 赵允格, 张子辉, 吉静怡, 郭雅丽. 模拟放牧干扰对黄土丘陵区生物结皮坡面土壤水分入渗的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(7): 1827-1834.
[13]	张冠华, 易亮, 丁文峰, 王一然, 牛俊, 李建明, 孙宝洋. 三峡库区苔藓生物结皮对土壤水分入渗的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(7): 1835-1842.
[14]	岳艳鹏, 成龙, 孙迎涛, 庞营军, 吴波, 石麟, 何金军, 贾晓红. 毛乌素沙地生物结皮覆盖区土壤水分收支变化特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(7): 1861-1870.
[15]	吴鹏, 吕剑, 郁继华, 刘娜, 李金武, 金莉, 金宁, 王舒亚. 褪黑素对盐碱复合胁迫下黄瓜幼苗光合特性和渗透调节物质含量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(7): 1901-1910.