基于生态系统演变机理的生态系统脆弱性、适应性与突变理论

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202203.025

应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 623-628.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202203.025

• 全球变化对生态脆弱区资源环境承载力的影响专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

基于生态系统演变机理的生态系统脆弱性、适应性与突变理论

徐兴良^1,2, 于贵瑞^1,2*

¹中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101;
²中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2021-12-30 接受日期:2022-01-27 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2022-09-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: yugr@igsnrr.ac.cn
作者简介:徐兴良, 男, 1972年生, 研究员, 博士生导师。主要从事陆地生态系统养分循环研究。E-mail: xuxl@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0604800)资助。

Theories of ecosystem vulnerability, adaptability and catastrophe based on the mechanisms of ecological succession.

XU Xing-liang^1,2, YU Gui-rui^1,2*

¹Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
²College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2021-12-30 Accepted:2022-01-27 Online:2022-03-15 Published:2022-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着气候变化影响广度与深度的增加,生态系统脆弱性、适应性与突变理论逐渐被广泛应用到生态学研究领域中,探讨和评估各类生态系统对气候变化的敏感性、脆弱性和适应性,可谋求更好的方式来应对气候变化对区域生态系统带来的深远影响,服务于国家生态系统可持续管理及生态安全建设。虽然相关研究已获取许多进展,区分了气候敏感区和某些生态系统的潜在转折点,但是学界对这些概念尚存在多种的理解和阐释,这一定程度上影响了相关理论的进一步发展与应用。针对此,本文梳理了相关概念的发展历程,并从生态系统生态学角度深入剖析了这些概念内涵,进一步提出了基于生态系统演变机理的生态系统脆弱性和适应性及突变理论框架和相应的计算方法,以期推动生态系统脆弱性、适应性与突变理论深入发展。

关键词: 生态系统脆弱性, 生态系统适应性, 生态系统突变, 生态系统演替, 气候变化

Abstract: With the increases in the breadth and depth of the impacts of climate change, the theories of ecosystem vulnerability, adaptability and catastrophe have gradually been widely applied in the field of ecology to explore and evaluate the sensitivity, vulnerability and adaptation of various ecosystems to climatic change. Based on such research, we can seek better ways to cope with the far-reaching impact of climatic change on ecosystems, and serve the sustainable management of national ecosystems and the construction of ecological security. Although a lot of achievements have been made to distinguish the sensitive regions responding to climatic change and potential tipping points in certain ecosystems, there are still multiple understandings and interpretations of these concepts in the academic community. To some extent, this affects the further development and application of related theories in ecological studies. Therefore, we combed the development history of related concepts, and analyzed the connotation of these concepts from the perspective of ecosystem ecology. Furthermore, we proposed a theoretical framework for ecosystem fragility, adaptability, and catastrophe based on the ecosystem evolution theory and corresponding calculation methods in order to promote the in-depth development of theories of ecosystem fragility, adaptability and catastrophe.

Key words: ecosystem fragility, ecosystem adaptability, ecosystem catastrophe, ecosystem succession, climatic change

徐兴良, 于贵瑞. 基于生态系统演变机理的生态系统脆弱性、适应性与突变理论[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(3): 623-628.

XU Xing-liang, YU Gui-rui. Theories of ecosystem vulnerability, adaptability and catastrophe based on the mechanisms of ecological succession.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(3): 623-628.

参考文献 43

[1]	Kaly U, Pratt C, Mitchell J. The Environmental Vulnerability Index 2004. Suva: South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission (SOPAC), 2004
[2]	Bergengren JC, Waliser DE, Yung YL. Ecological sensitivity: A biospheric view of climate change. Climatic Change, 2011, 107: 433-457
[3]	Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Emergent risks and key vulnerabilities// Field CB, Barros VR, Dokken DJ, eds. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Working Group II Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, vol Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014: 1039-1100
[4]	Odum EP. The strategy of ecosystem development. Science, 1969, 164: 262-270
[5]	Chang CC, Turner BL. Ecological succession in a changing world. Journal of Ecology, 2019, 107: 503-509
[6]	Krebs JR, Davies NB. Behavioural Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2009
[7]	Böehmer HJ, Richter M. Regeneration of plant communities: An attempt to establish a typology and a zonal system. Plant Research and Development, 1997, 45: 74-88
[8]	Janssen MA, Ostrom E. Resilience, vulnerability, and adaptation: A cross-cutting theme of the international human dimensions programme on global environmental change. Global Environmental Change, 2006, 16: 237-239
[9]	Weichselgartner J. Disaster mitigation: The concept of vulnerability revisited. Disaster Prevention and Management, 2001, 10: 85-94
[10]	Bürkner HJ. Vulnerability and Resilience. State of Research and Social Science Research Perspectives. Working Paper No. 43. Erkner: Leibniz Institute for Regional Development and Structural Planning, 2010
[11]	Eakin H, Luers AL. Assessing the vulnerability of social-environmental systems. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 2006, 31: 365-394
[12]	Turner BL, Kasperson RE, Matson PA, et al. A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003, 100: 8074-8079
[13]	Smit B, Wandel J. Adaptation, adaptive capacity and vulnerability. Global Environmental Change, 2006, 16: 282-292
[14]	Engle NL. Adaptive capacity and its assessment. Global Environmental Change, 2011, 21: 647-656
[15]	Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2007. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007
[16]	Schröter D, Polsky C, Patt AG. Assessing vulnerabilities to the effects of global change: An eight step approach. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2005, 10: 573-595
[17]	Polsky C, Neff R, Yarnal B. Building comparable global change vulnerability assessments: The vulnerability scoping diagram. Global Environmental Change, 2007, 17: 472-485
[18]	Brooks N. Vulnerability, Risk and Adaptation: A Conceptual Framework. Working Paper 38, Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia, Norwich. 2003.
[19]	Schluchter W. Vulnerability-interdisciplinary. Zweites Forum, Leipzig, 2002: 24-26
[20]	Adger WN. Vulnerability. Global Environmental Change, 2006, 16: 268-281
[21]	Füssel HM. Adaptation planning for climate change: Concepts, assessment approaches, and key lessons. Sustainability Science, 2007, 2: 265-275
[22]	Frazier TG, Thompson CM, Dezzani RJ. A framework for the development of the SERV model: A spatially explicit resilience-vulnerability model. Applied Geography, 2014, 51: 158-172
[23]	Birkmann J. Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards. Towards Disaster Resilient Societies. New York: UNU-Press, 2006
[24]	Weiβhuhn P, Müller F, Wiggering H. Ecosystem vulnerability review: Proposal of an interdisciplinary ecosystem assessment approach. Environmental Management, 2018, 61: 904-915
[25]	Conrad M. Analyzing ecosystem adaptability. Mathematical Biosciences, 1975, 27: 213-230
[26]	Angeler DG, Fried-Petersen HB, Allen CR, et al. Adaptive capacity in ecosystems. Advances in Ecological Research, 2019, 60: 1-24
[27]	Thom R. Structural Stability and Morphogenesis. Paris: Inter-ditions, 1972
[28]	Zeeman EC. Levels of structure in catastrophe theory illustrated by applications in the social and biological sciences. Vancouver: Canadian Mathematical Congress, 1974: 553-546
[29]	Zeeman EC. Catastrophe theory. Scientific American, 1976, 234: 65-83
[30]	Zeeman EC. Catastrophe Theory. Structural Stability in Physics. New York: Springer, 1979
[31]	Jones DD. Catastrophe theory applied to ecological systems. Simulation, 1977, 29: 1-15
[32]	Holling CS. Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 1973, 4: 1-23
[33]	Noy-Meir I. Stability of grazing systems: An application of predator-prey graphs. Journal of Ecology, 1975, 63: 459-481
[34]	Noy-Meir I. Rotational grazing in a continuously growing pasture: A simple model. Agricultural Systems, 1976, 1: 87-112
[35]	Loehle C. Optimal stocking for semi-desert range: A catastrophe theory model. Ecological Modelling, 1985, 27: 285-297
[36]	Loehle C. Catastrophe theory in ecology: A critical review and an example of the butterfly catastrophe. Ecolo-gical Modelling, 1989, 49: 125-152
[37]	Kéfi S, Dakos V, Scheffer M, et al. Early warning signals also precede non-catastrophic transitions. Oikos, 2013, 122: 641-648
[38]	Beisner BE, Haydon DT, Cuddington K. Alternative stable states in ecology. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2003, 1: 376-382
[39]	Koppel JVD, Crain CM. Scale-dependent inhibition drives regular tussock spacing in a freshwater marsh. American Naturalist, 2006, 168: E136-E147
[40]	Scheffer M, Bascompte J, Brock WA, et al. Early-warning signals for critical transitions. Nature, 2009, 461: 53-59
[41]	Beisner B. Alternative stable states. Nature Education Knowledge, 2012, 3: 33
[42]	Hao YB, Liu WJ, Xu XL, et al. Climate-induced abrupt shifts in structural states trigger delayed transitions in functional states. Ecological Indicators, 2020, 115: 106468
[43]	Kuzyakov Y, Gunina A, Zamanian K, et al. New approaches for evaluation of soil health, sensitivity and resistance to degradation. Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering, 2020, 7: 282-288

基于生态系统演变机理的生态系统脆弱性、适应性与突变理论

Theories of ecosystem vulnerability, adaptability and catastrophe based on the mechanisms of ecological succession.

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 43

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李京忠, 辛振华, 谢潇, 薛冰, 任婉侠. 半干旱区植被覆盖时空变化特征及其对气候变化的响应: 以锡林郭勒盟为例 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(1): 80-86.
[2]	杨振康, 杨婉蓉, 刘志娟, 高伟达, 任图生, 沈彦俊, 杨晓光. 气候变化对东北三省土壤风蚀的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(9): 2429-2435.
[3]	冷鹏, 王建青, 谭云燕, 邵亚军, 王丽燕, 施秀珍, 张国友. 大气CO₂和O₃浓度升高对水稻根际土壤胞外酶活性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(8): 2185-2193.
[4]	邢衍阔, 康斌, 鹿志创, 高祥刚, 王震, 田甲申. 气候变化条件下太平洋丽龟的适宜生境及其变化 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(8): 2267-2273.
[5]	夏卓异, 苏杰, 尹海伟, 孔繁花. 气候变化背景下中国朱鹮适宜生境时空格局 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(6): 1467-1473.
[6]	张辉盛, 徐琳, 吕韦韦, 周昱, 王卫锋, 高瑞贺, 崔绍朋, 张志伟. 扶桑绵粉蚧多维气候生态位保守性与入侵风险 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(6): 1649-1658.
[7]	王子文, 尹进, 王星, 陈越, 毛子昆, 蔺菲, 巩宗强, 王绪高. 辽宁省入侵植物曼陀罗的生境适宜性评价——基于Biomod2组合模型 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(5): 1272-1280.
[8]	李春波, 张园, 刘雅各, 吴家兵, 王安志. 长白山自然保护区总初级生产力时空变化特征及其影响因素 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(5): 1341-1348.
[9]	白金珂, 李笑雨, 王力. 1980s与2020s青藏高原南部土壤质量变化 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(5): 1367-1374.
[10]	凌子尧, 彭立华, 文慧. 不同城市功能区实施屋顶绿化的雨洪调控效应比较 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(2): 491-498.
[11]	王钧, 李广, 闫丽娟, 刘强, 聂志刚. 气候变化背景下甘肃农牧交错带玉米气候生产潜力和资源利用效率变化特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(1): 160-168.
[12]	黄辉, 郑昌玲, 张劲松, 孟平. 1980—2019年南太行地区气候变化趋势 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(8): 2139-2145.
[13]	刘杰, 汲玉河, 周广胜, 周莉, 吕晓敏, 周梦子. 2000—2020年青藏高原植被净初级生产力时空变化及其气候驱动作用 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(6): 1533-1538.
[14]	刘杰, 董彦君, 李宗善. 灌木年轮生态学研究进展 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(6): 1699-1708.
[15]	刘梅朔, 王传宽, 全先奎. 兴安落叶松叶光合与氮代谢对环境变化响应的转录组分析 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(4): 957-962.