云南太阳河省级自然保护区老龄林乔木层碳储量变化及其驱动因素

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.001

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 2000-2008.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.001

云南太阳河省级自然保护区老龄林乔木层碳储量变化及其驱动因素

胡子涵^1,2,3, 王立凡^1,3, 尚瑞广^1,3, 刘万德^1,3*

¹中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所, 昆明 650224;
²南京林业大学风景园林学院, 南京 210037;
³国家林业和草原局云南普洱森林生态系统定位观测研究站/普洱森林生态系统云南省野外科学观测研究站, 云南普洱 665000

收稿日期:2025-01-15 接受日期:2025-05-03 出版日期:2025-07-18 发布日期:2026-01-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: liuwande@126.com
作者简介:胡子涵, 女, 2000年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事生物多样性保育研究。E-mail: 752377966@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFE0112508-0)、云南省重点研发计划项目(202403AC100028)和滇中人工林、草地固碳增汇技术研究项目(4530000HT202314770)

Changes and driving factors of carbon stock in the tree layer of old-growth forests in Taiyang River Provincial Nature Reserve, Yunnan, China

HU Zihan^1,2,3, WANG Lifan^1,3, SHANG Ruiguang^1,3, LIU Wande^1,3*

¹Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China;
²College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
³Pu’er Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China/Pu’er Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Pu’er 665000, Yunnan, China

Received:2025-01-15 Accepted:2025-05-03 Online:2025-07-18 Published:2026-01-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 老龄林碳动态分析有助于我们对森林保护、恢复及区域碳功能的理解。老龄林为碳源还是碳汇,尚存在争议,研究老龄林碳储量和碳动态变化对于评价老龄林碳源和碳汇功能以及量化区域尺度森林碳固定具有重要意义。本研究基于云南太阳河省级自然保护区老龄林动态监测样地2014和2024年两期监测数据,利用主成分分析和随机森林模型,研究老龄林乔木层生物量和碳储量及其在不同径级和器官中的分布特征,分析碳储量动态变化及其影响因素。结果表明: 2014年和2024年乔木层总生物量分别为359.72和449.44 t·hm^-2,总碳储量分别为179.86和224.72 t·hm^-2,呈上升趋势,表现出较好的碳汇功能。大树(胸径≥22.5 cm)在2024年的碳储量(188.96 t·hm^-2)显著高于2014年(143.69 t·hm^-2),占乔木层总碳储量的比例从79.9%提升至84.1%。2次调查中,乔木层碳均主要分配在树干,而树枝和树根次之,树叶最低。乔木层物种多样性指数与乔木层碳储量之间存在正相关关系;大树生物量作为老龄林乔木层碳储量变化的主要驱动因素,其方差解释率在2014年和2024年分别为10.1%和13.6%。监测期间,老龄林乔木层碳储量驱动因子的相对重要性发生变化:大树胸径变异系数和海拔的解释率增强,而物种多样性的解释率由13.3%显著降至2.6%。综上,研究区老龄林乔木层为碳汇,大树在碳储量动态变化中占主导地位。

关键词: 老龄林, 碳储量, 生物量, 变异系数

Abstract: The analysis of carbon dynamics in old-growth forests helps us understand forest conservation, restoration, and regional carbon sequestration. There is still controversy over whether old-growth forests are carbon sources or sinks. Studying the carbon storage and dynamics of old-growth forests is of great significance for evaluating their carbon source and sink functions, as well as quantifying forest carbon fixation at the regional scale. Based on the dynamic monitoring data of the old-growth forest in the Taiyanghe River Provincial Nature Reserve in Yunnan Pro-vince in 2014 and 2024, we investigated the biomass and carbon storage of tree layer in the old-growth forest, as well as their distribution characteristics in different diameter classes and organs by using principal component analysis and random forest model. We also analyzed the dynamics of carbon storage and their influencing factors. The results showed that the total biomass of the tree layer in 2014 and 2024 were 359.72 and 449.44 t·hm^-2, respectively, and the total carbon storage was 179.86 and 224.72 t·hm^-2, respectively, showing an upward trend and demonstrating good carbon sequestration function. The carbon storage of large trees (diameter at breast height≥22.5 cm) in 2024 (188.96 t·hm^-2) was significantly higher than that in 2014 (143.69 t·hm^-2), and the proportion of total carbon storage in the tree layer increased from 79.9% to 84.1%. In both surveys, carbon in the tree layer was mainly distributed in the trunk, followed by branches and roots, with leaves having the lowest carbon content. There was a positive correlation between species diversity and the carbon storage of the tree layer. The biomass of large trees, as the main driving factor for changes in carbon storage in the tree layer of aging forests, had variance explanatory rates of 10.1% and 13.6% in 2014 and 2024, respectively. During the monitoring period, the relative importance of driving factors for carbon storage in the old-growth forest tree layer changed: the explanatory power of the coefficient of variation of large tree diameter at breast height and altitude increased, while the explanatory power of species diversity significantly decreased from 13.3% to 2.6%. Overall, the tree layer of the old-growth forest in the study area serves as a carbon sink, with large trees dominating the dynamic changes in carbon storage.

Key words: old-growth forest, carbon stock, biomass, coefficient of variation

胡子涵, 王立凡, 尚瑞广, 刘万德. 云南太阳河省级自然保护区老龄林乔木层碳储量变化及其驱动因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(7): 2000-2008.

HU Zihan, WANG Lifan, SHANG Ruiguang, LIU Wande. Changes and driving factors of carbon stock in the tree layer of old-growth forests in Taiyang River Provincial Nature Reserve, Yunnan, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(7): 2000-2008.

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云南太阳河省级自然保护区老龄林乔木层碳储量变化及其驱动因素

Changes and driving factors of carbon stock in the tree layer of old-growth forests in Taiyang River Provincial Nature Reserve, Yunnan, China

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