稻田氮肥的氨挥发损失与稻季大气氮的湿沉降

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过田间小区与大田试验,对稻季期间氮肥的氨挥发损失和大气氮湿沉降状况进行了收集和监测.结果表明,每次施肥后的1～3日内氨挥发损失达到最大值,氨挥发损失受当地气候条件(如光照、温度、湿度、风速、降雨量)、施肥时期以及田面水的NH₄⁺-N浓度等因素的影响.大气氮湿沉降与施肥量和降雨量有关,稻季内由湿沉降带入土壤或地表水中的氮为7.5kg·hm^-2,其中,NH₄⁺-N的比例为39.8%～73.2%,平均为55.5%;稻季中总氨挥发量与湿沉降的NH₄⁺-N平均浓度和总沉降量的相关系数分别达到0.988和0.996,呈显著相关性.

关键词: 稻田, 氨挥发, 湿沉降

Abstract: Plot and field experiments showed that the NH₃ volatilization loss from rice field reached its maximum in1～3 days after N-fertilization, which was affected by the local climate conditions (e.g., sun illumination, temperature, humidity, wind speed, and rainfall), fertilization time, and ammonium concentration in surface water of the rice field. The wet deposition of atmospheric nitrogen was correlated with the application rate of Nfertilizer and the rainfall. The amount of nitrogen brought into soil or surface water by the wet deposition in rice growing season reached 7.5 kg·hm^-2. The percent of NH₄⁺-N in the wet deposition was about 39.8%～73.2%, with an average of 55.5%. There was a significant correlation of total ammonia volatilization loss with the average concentration of NH₄⁺-N in wet deposition and total amount of wet deposition in rice growing season.

Key words: Rice field, Ammonia volatilization, Wet deposition

中图分类号:

苏成国, 尹斌, 朱兆良, 沈其荣. 稻田氮肥的氨挥发损失与稻季大气氮的湿沉降[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (11): 1884-1888.

SU Chengguo, YIN Bin, ZHU Zhaoliang, SHEN Qirong. Ammonia volatilization loss of nitrogen fertilizer from rice field and wet deposition of atmospheric nitrogen in rice growing season[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (11): 1884-1888.

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