红树林不同深度沉积物的细菌群落组成

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 红树林是潮间带生产力最高的生态系统之一,具有非常重要的生态功能。本研究使用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)分析法,系统分析了香港米埔红树林不同深度沉积物中细菌群落组成及其与环境因子的相关性。结果表明: 不同深度沉积物中的PLFA含量差异显著,其总量从表层(0～5 cm)的37.25 μg·g^-1递减至深层(25～30 cm)的19.52 μg·g^-1;其中厌氧细菌(12.23～24.15 μg·g^-1)占比最高,其次为革兰氏阴性菌(3.19～6.45 μg·g^-1)、好氧细菌(1.99～4.34 μg·g^-1)和革兰氏阳性菌(1.62～4.47 μg·g^-1),各类群丰度均随深度增加显著降低。冗余分析(RDA)表明,红树林沉积物中PLFAs的组成受污染物多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)及总有机质(TOM)、总氮(TN)、氧化还原电位(Eh)、三价铁离子(Fe³⁺)、pH等基本理化因子的显著影响(校正R²=0.75)。方差分解显示,沉积物基本理化因子解释了PLFAs组成差异的26.0%,PBDEs单独解释了6.0%。TOM、TN、硫酸根(SO₄^2-)、Fe³⁺、pH和PBDEs均与革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌、好氧菌、厌氧菌、嗜热解氢杆菌的丰度呈明显的相关性。本研究利用PLFAs方法系统解析了红树林沉积物中细菌的垂向分布特征及其驱动因素,为解析该生态系统的物质循环与能量流动提供了重要的微生物学依据。

关键词: 磷脂脂肪酸, 红树林沉积物, 微生物群落

Abstract: Mangroves are one of the most productive ecosystems in the intertidal zone and hold vital ecological functions. Using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, we investigated the composition of bacterial communities in mangrove sediments at different depths and their correlations with environmental factors in Mai Po Nature Reserve of Hong Kong. The results showed significant variations in PLFA content across sediment depths, with total PLFA decreasing from 37.25 μg·g^-1 in surface sediments (0-5 cm) to 19.52 μg·g^-1 in deeper layers (25-30 cm). Anaerobic bacteria (12.23-24.15 μg·g^-1) were the dominant microbial group, followed by Gram-negative bacteria (3.19-6.45 μg·g^-1), aerobic bacteria (1.99-4.34 μg·g^-1), and Gram-positive bacteria (1.62-4.47 μg·g^-1), all displaying decreasing trends with increasing sediment depth. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that PLFA composition in mangrove sediments was significantly influenced by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and basic physicochemical parameters, including total organic matter (TOM), total nitrogen (TN), redox potential (Eh), ferric iron (Fe³⁺), and pH (adjusted R²=0.75). Variance partitioning revealed that basic sediment physicochemical factors explained 26.0% of the variation in PLFA composition, while PBDEs independently explained 6.0%. Additionally, TOM, TN, sulfate (SO₄^2-), Fe³⁺, pH, and PBDEs all showed significant correlations with the abundances of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, and Hydrogenobacter. This study systematically analyzed the vertical distribution patterns of bacteria in mangrove sediments and their influencing factors, providing critical insights for understanding material cycling and energy flow in mangrove ecosystem.

Key words: phospholipid fatty acid, mangrove sediment, microbial community

丁宏广, 杜思懿, 贾瀚文, 杨弦, 潘莹. 红树林不同深度沉积物的细菌群落组成[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(7): 2223-2229.

DING Hongguang, DU Siyi, JIA Hanwen, YANG Xian, PAN Ying. Composition of bacterial communities in mangrove sediments at different depths[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(7): 2223-2229.

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